Interview with Yun Zeng
by Austris Apenis

AA: You have just won the legendary solo horn position in the Berlin Philharmonic. What an achievement! Congratulations! How were you feeling on the audition day?
YZ: Thank you so much! I'm actually not a very experienced auditionee. The audition for Berlin was only my second audition. My first was for Staatskapelle Berlin, a year and a half ago. So, I would say I was really nervous and even shaking a bit on stage. And playing alone in the main hall of the Philharmonic is not easy at all. Although it has great acoustics, it's still a huge space. It seemed very challenging to bring a clear and rounded sound all the way to the last row where a few orchestra members were sitting. I was also very glad to meet and talk with them and to have the chance to make friends with some of the greatest horn players of our time. Everyone was so excited and so lovely backstage. I was the last one who played at the final round. I went back to the practice room and made phone calls to several friends, trying to get rid of my anxiety. Shortly, the stage manager told us to come out for the results. I packed everything and ran into cellist Solène Kermarrec on my way out. She caught me happily: “Well played! Congratulations, you won the audition!” She actually said it in German, and I didn't understand it very well in my hurry, I just heard, “Congratulations, well played,” and it sounded like she was trying to make me feel better about being eliminated. She probably realized that I didn't understand correctly, so she repeated herself in English. I thanked her with delight and made my way quickly to Sarah Willis. We hugged each other and she confirmed, “You got the job!”
Amazing! This just proves what talent you have. You won the solo horn position at the Berlin Phil on your second audition! I can believe that auditioning for this orchestra would be fierce.
Actually, I asked some new members of this orchestra for some tips. They all gave me the same answer: be yourself. It was a bit hard to understand before the audition; however, it's my favorite attitude now because it works really well! More importantly, since applying for this audition, so many people have been so supportive of me. I appreciate them all very much. It was actually a tough week prior to the audition. I played several other programs in that short time…some Wagner tuba, and Mahler 1 twice. But surprisingly, that got my lips into strong and flexible condition.
A couple of months before the audition, when everyone became aware that the orchestra had announced the audition date, I also considered it since I was already in Berlin and had been learning the German sound over the past year with the help of my colleagues in the Staatskapelle Berlin. I was hesitant to apply because the position is so legendary. Besides, my colleagues at Staatskapelle love me, and I love them too. Last July, I met Stefan and Sarah at IHS 55 in Montréal. It was a great privilege to play Schumann's Konzertstück with them and Louis-Phillippe Marsolais. After that concert, we were in a car heading back to our hotel. Sarah and Stefan asked me to play a gig. Of course I said yes, “But when?” I asked. “It's on November 2, and just the one day.” “Ok what do we play?” “Not we, you. But just some of the Mozart 4th concerto, Strauss, and some excerpts.” “Ok…but it sounds like an audition!” “It is!”
In September, I made my first (and only) appearance as guest principal in Berlin. We played the Shostakovich 4th Symphony and Liszt’s Piano Concerto No. 2 under the baton of Tugan Sokhiev. I also ran into Alexandre Kantorow that week—he and I won the Tchaikovsky Competition in the same year. I remember being quite nervous before the first rehearsal started. I did a long warmup, which I don’t usually do. But somehow, I got the feeling that I’d play as best as I could with musicians who are among the best in the world. In the first movement of the symphony, I had a solo, which comes after the bassoon plays the same line. When I heard this simple, minimalistic solo interpreted so lyrically by Stefan Schweigert, I felt empowered to play it in the same magical way.
Inspiring! How is Berlin to work and live in?
I couldn't say that I liked this city at first, but the more I experience it, the more I realize how lovely Berlin is. It's an international city, which cured my homesickness quickly because so much Asian food is available here. And I made a lot of friends from all over the world. Most important, Berlin took my understanding of classical music to the highest level. My father is also a horn player. He would always emphasize how beautiful the horn is—so that I would willingly learn it from him later. When I was very young, he bought me my first DVD. It was a concert by Berlin from 1998, under the baton of Daniel Barenboim, performed in the State Opera Berlin. At that concert, Stefan Dohr, Dale Clevenger, Ignacio Garcia, and Georg Schreckenberger played Konzertstück by Schumann. But how unbelievable is it for me: I came here only 2 years ago, but I've confirmed all my initial impressions which for so long had only been thoughts. Berlin—and Germany—are probably my lucky charm.
I know that concert! I discovered it on YouTube when I was a teenager. The sound of Stefan Dohr really blew me away. The first part of the Konzertstück is ridiculously high and heavy but it sounded so easy and impressive. Tell me a bit about your past. How did you start your journey on the horn?
Actually, my story happened very simply because I have a horn player father. It should have been my last year at kindergarten, but my parents withdrew me because I was frequently sick. Naturally, when my father was practicing at home, it always got my attention. One day, I asked him if I could play his horn. He gave me a mouthpiece, told me how to blow in it the proper way, and I got a correct sound right away. In January 2006, when I was 6, I started my own relationship with this difficult instrument. After about 4 years, I started getting bored. Just practicing at home or playing duets with my father didn’t make me more curious about the horn. I started cheating while practicing: I tried playing some CDs by Hermann Baumann and Barry Tuckwell loudly, and told my parents that it was me who played that sound, but I wasn’t working. I tried to break my horn, then my parents paid for repair and grounded me. One day, an orchestra in my town called my father. They needed a second horn player for the week when my father would play principal. After persuading the office for a long time, he took me. It was a shocking moment when I heard for first time how 60 instruments sounded around me, and I thought immediately that I have to become a horn player, especially in an orchestra. I even got through the 4th movement of Dvorak 9. It was so enjoyable!
How was it to grow up and study music in China?
China is very different from Europe. Almost every school or college has a student dormitory. I went to a music school in Beijing when I was 11 without my parents. That school is called a Middle School, and it’s attached to the Central Conservatory of Music, which has many famous alumni such as Lang Lang and Yuja Wang. It was quite an elite early education. It seems like every young kid there is chosen to be prepared for a professional music career. Besides some regular middle school courses (math, Chinese, English, etc.), we had solfège, music theory, choir, chamber music…basically, we even “slept” music. There, I met my professor, Prof. Quan Wen. He's a marvelous teacher and a person who always gives 100% focus to his students. With his help, I also got involved in some special projects at school (and later at the conservatory as well) which continually supported me with a good budget to take part in competitions and masterclasses abroad, from 2012 until the ARD competition in 2021.
That sounds familiar! In Latvia there are also special music high schools, where you have a mix of normal and music subjects. That really prepares you well for the conservatory. You have also studied in Geneva with Bruno Schneider. How was it being in Switzerland?
Although I was only in Geneva for six months, it was really a marvelous time! It was an exchange program which, in Europe, they call Erasmus. I enjoyed studying with Prof. Schneider. He is a great teacher for all kinds of horn players because he himself is a great soloist, chamber player, and orchestral musician. He expanded my repertoire and especially rebuilt my way of playing Mozart, which is a very important part of horn auditions. And he was the first one who told me that I should audition for Berlin when the time came. I didn't have any idea what he was talking about, though! I appreciate him so much now for all the motivation and inspiration. It was also my first time truly living abroad. Luckily, Geneva is a beautiful city. Living costs were too expensive for a student, but it was worth it! I didn't manage to learn much French though. It was too difficult for me; but the comparison makes English more user-friendly and worth knowing. I'm still miss cheese fondue, especially that which Prof. Schneider prepared!
That is such a Swiss thing to say! Thank you for the amazing interview. Enjoy your new job!
Intervista « Georges Barboteu »
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| Hervé Joulain and Georges Barboteu |
A l’occasione degli festeggiamenti per il centenario della nascita di Georges Barboteu, aver realizzato un Cd della sua musica è sicuramente un cosa per te molto personale. Ci spieghi un po il tuo progetto, per piacere?
Prima di tutto, c’è da dire che in Francia, ogni cornista a un infinita tenerezza ed ammirazione per Georges Barboteu, inclusi quello che non hanno mai seguito lezione con lui, anche la nuova generazione che per forza non ha conosciuto il Maestro. È sicuramente dovuto alla sua grande personalità ed al fatto che è stato talentoso in tanti campi. Duranti i sue studi, ha imparato il corno con suo papa (primo corno nella Radio di Algeri), ma anche il contrabbasso, nel caso di un incidente facendo sport! Poi ha studiato scrittura, armonia, è contrappunto prima di praticare il Jazz presso Martial Solal (ancora vivo, a 96 anni!)
Arrivando in Francia, farà sua vita tra Parigi è la sua carissima Corsica, sempre molto impegnato a dedicarsi a mille cose. In orchestra tra le migliori formazioni, insegnando in diversi luoghi e corsi estivi, scrivendo musica (non solo per corno), gestendo e partecipando a sessioni di studio per le colonne sonore (al corno oppure fischiando!), facendo parte del quintetto di ottoni Ars Nova, più i Philharmonistes de Chateauroux, gruppo che dirigerà ogni tanto, e ovviamente suonando in solista in tutta l’Europa (concerti ed incisioni)
Sua monipresenza nel mondo musicale aggiunto a suo grande charisma ne fa il numero uno in Francia. Tra di tutto, sua musica partecipa a renderlo un artista leggendario e completo.
Che importanza a avuto Georges Barboteu nella scuola francese ed in particolare nella tua carriera?
Tranne il tipico vibrato alla francese della la meta del ventesimo secolo, verrei sottolineare piuttosto le sue vere qualità musicale. In seguito di serie e ricchi studi in Algeri poi in Francia, ha sviluppato un modo unico per trovare una libertà ispirata mentre soffiava in un corno. A proposito, amava cantare e fischiare, prova inconfutabile che cercava una certa facilità nel discorso.
È difficile parlare dei suoi giovani anni (arriva in Francia intorno al 1940) ma la mia ipotesi è la seguente: come il corno a pistone non è necessariamente l'ideale nella realizzazione del virtuosismo, Georges Barboteu ha dovuto sviluppare la propria via maestra per rendere il suo strumento interessante come un violino, un flauto o un pianoforte.

Quando ero piccolo, mi vergognavo di andare in giro con la custodia di corno... Bisogna dire che questo strumento era molto raro nella mia regione e che ero troppo timido per assumere suonare un ottone, di più… scelto da mio nonno! Alla scoperta dei dischi 33 giri (i famosi vinili!) di Ferenc Tarjány, Alan Civil, Dennis Brain, Hermann Baumann, Barry Tuckwell), ho avuto la bella sorpresa di vedere che grazie a Georges Barboteu in Francia, una carriera di solista era immaginabile, quindi suonavo davvero uno strumento... nobile! Sviluppando e affermando uno statuto di solista per il corno (proprio come Maurice André per la tromba), Georges Barboteu mi ha aperto una via reale, dandomi la fede di credere nel mio strumento come solista. Da allora, in 40 anni, ho suonato con 140 diverse orchestre, sono davvero grato al mio ex insegnante!
La Francia ha avuto molti famosi cornisti/pedagoghi/compositori in passato, credi che Georges Barboteu tiene un posto equivalente a Dauprat o Gallay?
Sì, certo, e ha il vantaggio di essere arrivato successivamente, approfittando di ciò che avrà imparato dalle grandi figure di cui parli, come Louis François Dauprat (1781-1868), Jacques François Gallay (1795-1864), ma anche François Brémond (1844-1925) un incredibile compositore per il corno. Il signor Barboteu è forse più interessato a scrivere musica da camera che solo a scrivere per il corno. Classificherò in un'altra categoria i numerosi libri o studi tecnici che ha prodotto, pensando che volesse semplicemente aiutare i suoi attuali e futuri studenti a progredire.
Quale insegnante era Georges Barboteu? Come puoi definire il suo stile e le sue priorità nella sua pedagogia?
Non dimenticherò mai la mia prima lezione, tanto fu impressionante, partecipando ad uno staggio estivo alla Cité Universitaire di Parigi. C'erano al mio fianco 15 o 20 studenti che il Maestro conosceva già. Da quel momento, ovvio che mi chiese di suonare per primo! Che situazione impressionante di non conoscere il livello degli studenti intorno a te. Nonostante il mio cattivo registro basso, i miei trilli irregolari ed il mio lento staccato semplice, è andato tutto liscio ed il Boss mi ha invitato a raggiungere la sua classe al Conservatorio del Centro di Parigi dal prossimo Settembre! A volte arrivavamo presto per dedicare tutta la mattina a un lavoro tecnico utile e gradito. La maggior parte delle volte, stranamente, facevamo gli esercizi tutti insieme, anche se non consente davvero il controllo di ogni uno. Penso che il nostro professore volesse ottimizzare questo tempo per insegnarci quante più formule e frasi. Per quanto riguarda le solite lezioni, suonavamo naturalmente individualmente e sempre con un accompagnamento di pianoforte. Per quanto riguarda gli immancabili concerti di Mozart (richiesti per qualsiasi audizione), Georges Barboteu era piuttosto direzionale e non faceva a metà, chiedendoci di annotare tutte le dinamiche e indicazioni diverse con la penna a sfera, aggiungendo che sarebbe poi così per tutta la vita!
Probabilmente oggi sarebbe considerata una pedagogia autoritaria, ma penso che volesse solo cancellare i nostri difetti e produrre una versione di base accettabile in ogni circostanza. A proposito delle audizioni, diceva che al primo scrocco saremmo stati squalificati!
Qual è il suo stile di composizione? Quanto è stato difficile scegliere i brani per il tuo progetto di registrazione?
Da quando lavoro in onore del 100º anniversario della sua nascita, così tanti pezzi meritano di essere inclusi che ho in mente di realizzare 2 diversi album. I criteri variano tra l'evidenza della scelta di un'opera maggiore e la volontà di dare la possibilità a un brano poco conosciuto o mai registrato. Qui ho scelto principalmente quartetti di corno ed un quintetto per corno e quartetto d'archi. Un eventuale volume 2 potrà offrire più studi o ancora più pezzi da camera per legni, per ottoni, o formazioni più eterogenee come oboe, corno e pianoforte o flauto, corno e arpa. Se questa registrazione trova il suo pubblico, continuerò a condividere musica mai pubblicata...
Lo stile della musica di Georges Barboteu è cambiato nel corso della sua vita, a cominciare dall'influenza del jazz, non tanto per il lato «improvvisazione» quanto per gli effetti ritmici che ha saputo scrivere, questo aggiunto allo stile Peplum (Noël). Poi G.B. ha scritto la tipica musica da caccia per corno (QuartettoN1, Quartetto N2, Sologne, Flutacoranne, Saisons). L'insieme della sua musica per fiati è accessibile da ascoltare, mixando temi tradizionali o canzoni folcloristici leggeri del XX secolo (Esquisse, Chansonnerie, Prélude et Divertissement, Caricature, Fresque). Dopo alcuni soggiorni a Darmstadt presso Stockhausen, si è dedicato alla musica detta «contemporanea" (Trio pour un Colloque, Formule 6, Fa7, Pièce pour Quentin) poi ha scritto più densamente con sentimenti forti, forse sotto lo stress del dolore fisico, a seguito di problemi di salute.
In ogni caso, le sue radici mediterranee hanno prodotto una musica piena di spirito, gioia, allegria, umorismo, giocosità... Confermo che il Maestro è stato con noi sempre di buon umore, piacevole e gentile.
Per coloro che non conoscono bene la musica di Georges Barboteu, e che vorrebbero scoprirla o addirittura comprarne gli spartiti, quali ne sono gli editori?
Quando è pubblicata, in generale i suoi pezzi sono rappresentati dall'editore francese Choudens (casa fondata nel 1945 da Antoine de Choudens). Oggi questa società appartiene al gruppo anglosassone Wise Music Group, che possiede anche Chester Music (Francis Poulenc, Igor Stravinsky). Tuttavia è possibile ordinare la maggior parte delle parti di G. Barboteu presso l'antenna francese di Wise: https://www.wisemusicclassical.com/wmcparis.
Come vedi l'eredità di Georges Barboteu e riesci a immaginarla nel futuro?
Sicuramente, con il suo approccio personale davanti ad un opera per corno, e la sua capacità di esplorare ogni modo di cantare, Barboteu ci ha aperto gli occhi sul potere illimitato dell'espressione nella musica. Questa eredità rimarrà, perché è ben nata e basata sul buon gusto, non siamo a gesticolare. Qui si tocca l'immensa risorsa della musica classica che preserva e sviluppa tradizioni stilistiche. Solo con fondamenti seri, un edificio rimarrà stabile e indenne nel tempo. I giapponesi hanno pubblicato in Cd le registrazioni del leggendario flautista Marcel Moyse (1889-1984) e me ne rallegro. La premessa per diventare un musicista professionista è conoscere le diverse scuole stilistiche in tutto il mondo. Ecco perché sento come una responsabilità di promuovere almeno la musica di questo immenso artista. Incoraggio ogni cornista ad ascoltare le registrazioni di Georges Barboteu, che sono sempre uniche e preziose. Prendiamo una lezione su cosa significa essere un interprete…
La tua registrazione contiene particolarità e innovazioni, già perché hai registrato tu stesso tutte le parti di corno. Quali sono state le tue sfide?
È stato un vero piacere e una grande gioia definire a monte un protocollo di registrazione per raggiungere la qualità voluta, mantenendo la naturalezza di una versione da concerto. Devo ancora confessare che non c'è niente di più piacevole che fare musica con amici, colleghi... o entrambi allo stesso tempo! Il fatto è che non mi era possibile avere al mio fianco tre cornisti per una settimana oltre Reno. Da lì, divenne interessante trovare modi tecnici per imitare perfettamente un quartetto di corni.
A partire dalla posizione nella sala (nella sala da concerto di Engelbert Schmid -Mindelsaal in Baviera), la delicata posizione dei microfoni per arrivare ad una stereofonia realistica. Poi definire l'ordine di registrazione delle parti, sapendo prima dove fermarsi, suonando o non suonando la prima nota del estratto successivo, quale lunghezza tenere una fermata... Se vogliamo che il respiro si senta, e molte altre domande come l'uso del metronomo in il brano Noël, che di continuo si ferma e riprende! Trovarsi di fronte a certe realtà è stata a volte una vera sfida che mi ha fatto dibattere intensamente con l'ingegnere del suono Hans Lorenzen, ma onestamente devo dire che cambiare voce era così rinfrescante che non mi sono mai sentito stanco o esaurito di suonare. È stato anche molto rassicurante ascoltare parte dopo parte frasi omogenee. Facevamo il montaggio delle 4 voci sul posto, quindi avevo molto tempo libero. Sto già progettando di registrare il sestetto per corno di G. Barboteu!

Cosa vorresti aggiungere o mettere in evidenza? Hai già altri progetti in mente?
A proposito di Barboteu, il seguente progetto è un altro Cd di omaggio, che include più musica da camera e purtroppo per alcuni, una o due opere senza corno! Per tutti coloro che vorrebbero saperne di più su Georges Barboteu, li invito a regalarsi il mio album, che contiene un bel libretto, dove Pascal Lagrange parla della sua vita, e io stesso di ciascuno dei pezzi del Cd. Il nome Centenaire Georges Barboteu è stato depositato, non per acquisire nulla, ma per proteggermi. Non vedrò mai il bicentenario della nascita di G.B., ma rimango convinto che questo centenario interesserà intorno a noi per un bel decennio! Nella mia registrazione sono orgoglioso di 2 cose: aver avuto l'idea di chiedere a Pascal Proust di armonizzare 2 studi per corno e pianoforte (ho saputo di recente che Mr Barboteu ne aveva avuto l'idea un giorno mentre insegnava!) e di aver immaginato il piccolo bonus alla fine del Cd, che resterà una sorpresa, quindi non dirò altro...
Sono molto grato al Maestro Barboteu per la sua gentilezza e il suo fantastico Trittico per corno e quartetto d'archi (a me dedicato). Un piccolo aneddoto: la prima volta che l'ho incontrato in questo corso estivo, avevo 15 anni ed ero accompagnato da mio nonno. Dopo questo incontro, per tutta la sua vita, Georges Barboteu mi ha chiesto notizie di mio nonno, che memoria! Dal momento che è morto solo all'età di 96 anni, ho dovuto darli notizie molte volte!
Il fatto di ammirare importanti cornisti del passato, non ci rende cittadini rivolti al passato, possiamo onorarli e portare avanti questi spiriti fuori dal comune, per il nostro più grande bene. Il futuro è entusiasmante...
Hervé JOULAIN il 20 Marzo 2024
Interview « Georges Barboteu »
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| Hervé Joulain et Georges Barboteu |
Au moment où nous célébrons le centenaire de la naissance de Georges Barboteu, c’est certainement un projet très personnel que ce Cd. Comment cela est-il venu à ton esprit? Peux-tu nous en dire davantage?
Avant tout, en France, chaque corniste a une infinie tendresse et admiration pour Georges Barboteu, y compris ceux qui n’ont jamais reçu de lesson de sa part, et même la jeune génération qui n’a pas connu le Maître. Cela est certainement du à son imposante personnalité et à son talent de touche à tout. Au cours de ses études musicales, il a appris le cor avec son père (1er Cor à la Radio d’Alger), mais aussi la contrebasse pour parer à un éventuel accident de sport! Il a également étudié l’écriture, l’harmonie et le contrepoint avant de s’adonner à la musique de Jazz auprès du pianiste Martial Solal (96 ans aujourd’hui et toujours vivant!)
Arrivé en France, il partage sa vie entre Paris et sa tendre-aimée Corse, se donnant intensément dans de nombreuses activités. À l’orchestre, au sein des meilleures phalanges, en enseignant, aussi bien au Supérieur qu’à la Ville de Paris, mais aussi lors de stages estivaux, en écrivant de la musique (pas seulement pour le cor), en organisant et participant à des séances de studio pour des musiques de films (au cor et au sifflet!), en jouant dans le quintette de cuivres Ars Nova et aux Philharmonistes de Chateauroux, ensemble qu’il dirige parfois, et bien sûr via une carrière de soliste au travers l’Europe (concerts et enregistrements)
De fait, son omniprésence sur la scène musicale alliée à son grand charisme le place numéro un dans l’hexagone. Entre tout cela, ses compositions participent éminemment à en faire un artiste complet et de légende.
Quel importance à eu Georges Barboteu dans l’école française et en particulier dans ta propre carrière?
En dehors du typique vibrato Français de l’époque, j’aimerai insister davantage sur ses indéniables qualités musicales. Du fait des ses riches et éclectiques études en Algérie et ensuite en France, il en a développé une façon unique de trouver une liberté inspirée, quand il souffle dans son cor. À propos, il aimait chanter ou siffler, preuve irréfutable qu’il cherchait bien une certaine aisance dans le discours.
Il est difficile de parler de ses jeunes années (il arrive en France vers 1940) mais ma supposition est la suivante: comme le cor à piston n’est pas nécessairement l’idéal dans la réalisation de la virtuosité, Georges Barboteu a dû developper sa propre via maestra pour rendre son instrument aussi intéressant qu’un violon, qu’une flûte ou un piano.

Durant mon enfance, j’avais honte de me balader avec une boîte de cor toute biscornue… Il faut dire que le cor était très rare dans ma région et que j’étais trop timide pour assumer ce cuivre, de surcroît choisi par mon grand-père! À la découverte de disques 33T (les fameux vinyls, on les appelait les disques noirs!) de Ferenc Tarjány, Alan Civil, Dennis Brain, Hermann Baumann, Barry Tuckwell), j’ai eu la belle surprise de voir que grâce à Georges Barboteu, en France une carrière de soliste était imaginable, donc je jouais bien un instrument… noble! En développant et affirmant un statut de soliste pour le cor (tout comme Maurice André à la Trompette), Georges Barboteu m’a ouvert une voie royale en me donnant la foi de croire en mon instrument comme soliste. Depuis, en 40 ans, j’ai joué avec 140 orchestres différents, aussi, je suis ô-combien reconnaissant envers mon ex-professeur!
La France a compté de nombreux fameux cornistes/pédagogues/compositeurs dans le passé, crois-tu que Georges Barboteu à une place aussi importante que Dauprat ou Gallay?
Oui, bien sûr et il a l’avantage d’être arrivé postérieurement, profitant de ce qu’il aura apprit des grands figures que tu mentionnes, comme Louis François Dauprat (1781-1868), Jacques François Gallay (1795-1864), mais aussi François Brémond (1844-1925) un incroyable compositeur pour le cor. Mr Barboteu est peut-être même davantage intéressé à écrire de la musique de chambre que juste écrire pour le cor. Je classerai dans une autre catégorie les nombreux ouvrages ou études techniques qu’il a produit, pensant qu’il voulait simplement aider ses actuels et futurs étudiants à progresser.
Quel enseignant était Georges Barboteu? Comment peux-tu définir son style et ses priorités dans sa pédagogie?
Je n’oublierai jamais ma première leçon, tant elle fut impressionnante, participant à un stage d’été à la Cité Universitaire de Paris. Il y avait à mes côtés 15 ou 20 étudiants que le Maître connaissait déjà. Dès lors, sans surprise il me demanda de jouer en premier! Quelle impressionnante situation que de ne pas connaître le niveau des élèves autour de vous. En dépit de mon mauvais grave, de mes trilles irréguliers et de mon lent staccato simple, cela s’est bien passé et le Boss m’invita à rejoindre sa classe au Conservatoire du Centre dès la rentrée suivante! Parfois, il nous arrivait de venir tôt, afin de consacrer toute la matinée à un travail technique utile et bienvenu. La plupart du temps, étrangement, nous jouions les exercices tous ensemble, ce qui n’autorise pas vraiment le contrôle de chacun. Je pense que notre professeur voulait optimiser ce temps pour nous apprendre un maximum de formules et phrases. Concernant les cours habituels, nous jouions naturellement individuellement et toujours avec un accompagnement de piano. À propos des incontournables concertos de Mozart (requis pour toute audition), Georges Barboteu était plutôt directif et ne faisait pas dans la demi-mesure, en nous demandant de noter toutes les nuances et indications diverses au stylo bille, en ajoutant que ce serait pour toute la vie!
Cela serait sans doute considéré comme une pédagogie autoritaire aujourd’hui, mais je pense qu’il voulait juste effacer nos défaut et produire une version de base acceptable en toute circonstance. À propos des auditions à venir, il disait qu’au premier couac, nous serions disqualifiés!
Quel est son style de composition? Était-ce difficile de choisir les oeuvres pour ton project d’enregistrement?
Depuis que je travaille à l’hommage du 100ème anniversaire de sa naissance, tant de pièces méritent d’y figurer que j’ai en tête de réaliser 2 différents albums. Les critères varient entre l’évidence du choix d’une œuvre majeure et la volonté de donner sa chance à une pièce peu connue ou jamais enregistrée. Ici, j’ai choisi majoritairement des quatuors de cor et un quintette pour cor et quatuor à cordes. Un éventuel volume 2 pourra offrir plus d’études ou encore davantage de pièces de chambre pour bois, pour cuivres, ou des formations plus hétéroclite tel que hautbois, cor et piano ou flûte, cor et harpe. Si jamais le présent enregistrement trouve son public, je continuerai à partager de la musique jamais publiée…
Le style de la musique de Georges Barboteu a changé tout au long de sa vie, à commencer par l’influence du jazz, pas tant pour le côté « improvisation » que les effets rythmiques qu’il a su recréer, cela ajouté au style Peplum (Noël). Ensuite G.B. a écrit la typique musique cynégétique pour cor (QuartettoN1, Quartetto N2, Sologne, Flutacoranne, Saisons). L’ensemble de sa musique pour vents est facile d’écoute, mixant des thèmes traditionnels ou des chants folkloriques légers issus du 20ème siècle (Esquisse, Chansonnerie, Prélude et Divertissement, Caricatures, Fresque). Suite à des séjours à Darmstadt auprès de Stockhausen, il s’est tourné vers la musique dite « contemporaine" (Trio pour un Colloque, Formule 6, Fa7, Pièce pour Quentin) puis il a écrit plus dense avec des sentiments forts, peut-être sous la contrainte de la douleur physique, suite à des problèmes de santé.
Quoi qu’il en soit, ses racines méditerranéennes ont produit une musique pleine d’esprit, de joie, de gaité, d’humour, enjouée… Je confirme que le Maestro était avec nous toujours de bonne humeur, agréable et poli.
Pour ceux qui ne connaitraient pas bien la musique de Georges Barboteu, et qui voudraient la découvrir ou même en acheter les partitions, quels en sont les éditeurs?
Quand elle est publiée, en général ses morceaux sont représentés par l’éditeur français Choudens (maison fondée dès 1945 par Antoine de Choudens). Aujourd’hui cette société appartient au groupe anglo-saxon Wise Music Group, qui possède également Chester Music (Francis Poulenc, Igor Stravinsky). Néanmoins il est possible de commander la plupart des pièces de G. Barboteu auprès de l’antenne française de Wise: https://www.wisemusicclassical.com/wmcparis.
Comment vois-tu l’héritage de Georges Barboteu et réussis-tu à l’imaginer dans le futur?
Assurément, avec son approche toute sienne face à une partition pour cor, et son habilité à explorer toute manière de chanter, Barboteu nous a ouvert les yeux sur le pouvoir illimité de l’expression dans la musique. Ce leg va rester, car il est bien né et basé sur le bon goût, on n’est pas dans la gesticulation. On touche là l’immense atout de la musique classique qui préserve et développe des traditions stylistiques. Ce n’est qu’avec de bonnes fondations qu’un édifice restera stable et indemne dans le temps. Les japonais ont sorti au Cd les enregistrements du légendaire flûtiste Marcel Moyse (1889-1984) et je m’en réjouis. Le préambule pour devenir musicien professionnel est de connaître les différentes écoles stylistiques de par le monde. C’est pourquoi je ressens comme une responsabilité de promouvoir au moins la musique de cet immense artiste. J’encourage tout corniste à écouter les enregistrements de Georges Barboteu, qui sont toujours uniques et précieux. On prend une leçon sur ce que signifie être un interprète…
Ton enregistrement contient des particularités et et des innovations, déjà parce que tu a enregistré toi-même toutes les parties de cor. Quels furent tes défis?
Ce fut un vrai plaisir et une grande joie de définir en amont d’un protocol d’enregistrement afin d’atteindre la qualité attendue, et ce, gardant le naturel d’une version de concert. Je dois quand même confesser qu’il n’y a rien de plus agréable que de faire de la musique avec des amis, des collègues… ou les 2 en même temps! Le fait est qu’il m’était impossible d’avoir à mes côtés 3 cornistes pour une semaine outre Rhin. À partir de là, cela devint intéressant de trouver des moyens techniques pour imiter parfaitement un quatuor de cors.
À commencer par la position dans la salle (dans la salle de concert d’Engelbert Schmid -Mindelsaal en Bavière), la délicate position des microphones pour arriver à un stéréophonie réaliste. Puis définir l’ordre d’enregistrement des parties, sachant avant où s’arrêter, en jouant ou pas la première note du passage suivant, quelle longueur tenir un point d’orgue… Si on veut que la respiration s’entende, et plein d’autres questions comme l’utilisation du métronome dans la pièce nommée Noël, qui ne cesse de s’arrêter et de reprendre! Se trouver face à certaines réalités fut parfois un vrai challenge qui m’a fait débattre intensément avec l’ingénieur du son Hans Lorenzen, mais honnêtement je dois dire que changer de voix était si rafraîchissant que je ne me suis jamais senti fatigué ou épuisé à jouer. Ce fut aussi très rassurant d’écouter plage après plage des phrasés homogènes. Nous faisions le montages des 4 voix sur place, donc j’avais beaucoup de temps de repos. Je me projette déjà enregistrant le sextuor pour cors de G. Barboteu!

Que voudrais-tu ajouter ou bien mettre en avant? As-tu déjà d’autres projets à venir?
À propos de Barboteu, le projet suivant est un autre Cd d’hommage, incluant plus de musique de chambre et hélas pour certains une ou deux oeuvres sans cor! Pour tout ceux qui voudraient en savoir davantage sur Georges Barboteu, je les invite à s’offrir mon album, qui contient un joli livret en Français, Anglais et Allemand, où Pascal Lagrange parle de sa vie, et moi-même de chacune des pièces du Cd. Le nom Centenaire Georges Barboteu a été déposé à l’INPI, non pour acquérir quoi que ce soit, mais afin de me protéger. Je ne verrai jamais le bicentenaire de la naissance de G.B., mais je reste convaincu que ce 100ème anniversaire va intéresser autour de nous pour un belle décennie! Dans mon enregistrement, je suis fier de 2 choses: avoir eu l’idée de demander à Pascal Proust d’harmoniser 2 études pour cor et piano (j’ai su depuis que Mr Barboteu en avait eu l’idée un jour en enseignant!) et d’avoir imaginé le petit bonus à la fin du Cd, qui restera une surprise, donc je ne vais ici en dire plus…
Je suis très reconnaissant envers Maître Barboteu pour sa gentillesse et son fantastique Triptyque pour cor et quatuor à cordes (qui m’est dédié). Une petite anecdote: la première fois que je l’ai rencontré à ce stage d’été, j’avais 15 ans et j’étais accompagné par mon grand-père. Après cette rencontre, toute sa vie, Georges Barboteu m’a demandé des nouvelles de mon grand-père, quelle mémoire! Comme il n’est décédé qu’à l’âge de 96 ans, j’ai lu ai donné des nouvelles de nombreuses fois!
Le fait d’admirer des cornistes importants du passé, ne fait pas de nous des citoyens tournés vers le passé, on peut les honorer et porter en avant ces esprits hors du commun, pour notre plus grand bien. Le futur est enthousiasmant…
Hervé JOULAIN, le 20 Mars 2024
Interview with Hervé Joulain on Georges Barboteu
by Bernardo Silva, Vice-President, International Horn Society
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| Hervé Joulain and Georges Barboteu |
JBS: At a time when we celebrate the centenary of the birth of Georges Barboteu, this is for you a very personal project. How did it come about? Could you give us a brief introduction?
HJ: First of all, in France every horn player has an unlimited admiration for Georges Barboteu, even the ones who never took lessons with him, and even the young generation who had no chance to meet him. It probably has to do with the strong personality and multi-disciplinary artistry of Mr. Barboteu. During his studies, he learned the horn with his father (himself principal horn at Algiers Radio), but also the double bass, in case of a sports accident! He studied harmony and counterpoint as well, and he discovered Jazz music next to pianist Martial Solal (96 years old and still living). When moving to France where he lived his whole life (between Paris and his beloved land of Corsica), he started sharing his time among many different activities. Playing in the orchestra in the best French phalanges, teaching in different conservatories and summer academies, writing music (and not just for horn), playing studio sessions for movies or tv programs (including whistling), playing in the Ars Nova brass quintet and a wind ensemble (sometimes conducting this group), and, of course, a solo career across Europe (concerts and recordings). Obviously, this intensive presence in the musical world established Georges Barboteu as a prime figure in France. It is also clear that his compositions made him become forever a complete and legendary artist.
How important was Georges Barboteu to the French school of horn playing and to your career in particular?
Excepting the typical French vibrato, I would insist that we consider his musical qualities. Probably due to his eclectic and rich musical studies, he has developed a unique way of finding an elegant freedom when singing into the horn. By the way, he loved to sing or to whistle, a clear sign that he was looking for ease in his playing. It is difficult to perfectly know the early years (arriving in Paris around 1940), but I guess that playing the piston horn—definitely not the easiest for virtuosity—Georges Barboteu had to develop his own way to make the instrument special, as interesting as the piano or the flute or the violin.

Personally, during my childhood, I was ashamed to walk with a horn case in the street. Suffice it to say that in my region the horn was quite unknown, and I was too shy to present a brass instrument looking like that—and it was chosen for me by my grandfather! After discovering some solo vinyls (Ferenc Tarjány, Alan Civil, Dennis Brain, Hermann Baumann, Barry Tuckwell), I had the great joy to observe through Barboteu that a solo career was possible with the horn. Developing and successfully defending the status of soloist, he has opened to me a grand way for believing in my future solo life with the horn. In forty years, I have played concertos with 140 different orchestras, so I am so grateful to my dear teacher!
Historically in France there have been great horn players/pedagogues/composers. Do you think that Georges Barboteu has a place of similar importance to Dauprat or Gallay?
Of course, and he has the advantage to come later, integrating what he learned from those important figures you are mentioning, like Louis François Dauprat (1781-1868), Jacques François Gallay (1795-1864), but also François Brémond (1844-1925) who is an amazing composer for the horn. Georges Barboteu is perhaps even more interested in writing chamber music rather than writing just for the horn. I put in a different category the numerous technical studies he created; I think he genuinely wanted to help his current and future students.
As a teacher, what was Barboteu like? How would you characterize his style and his priorities in pedagogy?
My first lesson was very impressive, joining a summer course in the Cité Universitaire de Paris, next to 15 or 20 students that Barboteu knew already. So, of course, he asked me to play first! What a stressful situation when you have no idea about the level around you. Despite my bad low register, my unstable trills, and my slow single staccato, it went quite well, and he invited me to join his studio the following September. Sometimes, we had the chance to come early in the morning to participate in a technique session; these were so marvelously practical. Most of the time, strangely, we were playing the exercises all together, which is not ideal to help every player; but I think that he wanted us to learn a maximum number of melodies and patterns. Concerning the regular lessons, we were, certainly, playing individually and always with piano accompaniment. Regarding the Mozart concertos specifically (essential for any audition), Georges Barboteu was a bit directional, asking us to write with a pen all his dynamics and indications, insisting that such things are enduring. It can seem a bit authoritative today, but I think he just wanted us to turn to a basic and polished version with nothing either too typical or too bizarre. He was also fond of saying, “One wrong note and you are fired!”
What about his composition style? Was it difficult to select the repertoire for this recording project?
Since I am working on his 100th anniversary tribute, I wanted to provide a place for so many different works that I am actually considering a second recording project. My interest is in promoting good works and recording others which are not well-known. For now, I have chosen more horn quartets or horn with string quartet. Another album might bring more of the studies but, especially, more chamber music for brass or woodwinds, or more eclectic groups like oboe, horn and piano, or flute, horn and harp. If the present CD finds a good audience, I will definitely proceed in sharing some of his unpublished music. Barboteu’s compositional style changed through the years, starting with a jazz influence, although not necessarily with the freedom we might prefer—and with more percussion and rhythmic elements as the ornate details (such as in Noël). Later, he wrote typical horn music in the hunting style (Quartetto No. 1, Quartetto No. 2, Sologne, Flutacoranne, Saisons). Most of his music for winds is very easy-listening, mixing traditional tunes or folkloric light songs with the 20th century (Esquisse, Chansonnerie, Prélude et Divertissement, Caricatures, Fresque). After some time in Darmstadt with Stockhausen, he had a period more inclined to contemporary music (Trio pour un Colloque, Formule 6, Formule 7, Pièce pour Quentin). Last, he wrote more deeply, with intense feeling, maybe because of his health troubles (Medium, Triptyque). However, his Mediterranean roots makes his music full of spirit, joy, gaiety, humor, playfulness, and self-deprecation. I can personally confirm that Barboteu was always in a good mood, pleasant and very polite and gentle.
For those who are less familiar with Barboteu's compositions and would like to discover more or even purchase some, which companies have published his compositions?
Most of his published music is represented by the French editor Choudens (founded in 1845 by Antoine de Choudens). Today, this brand belongs to Wise Music Group based in the UK and who also manages Chester Music (Francis Poulenc, Igor Stravinsky). Those interested can find and order most of Barboteu’s titles at the French branch of Wise Music.
How do you currently see Barboteu’s legacy, and how do you see it for the future?
Definitely, with his unique way of reading a horn score, by exploring opportunities to sing, Barboteu opened our eyes to the unlimited power of expression in music. This heritage will last because it is based on good taste, not doing something just to do it. Here, we encounter the great chance for classical music to be maintained and developed on stylistic traditions. Only with good roots can a tree grow and secure a future in its environment. The Japanese are publishing the old recordings of legendary flutist Marcel Moyse (1889-1984), for example, and I welcome this initiative. This is a prerequisite to the desire to become a professional musician: knowing any school or geographic style. That is why I feel a responsibility to promote at least the music of this one immense artist. I encourage every horn player to try to listen to some of Barboteu’s recordings which are always so deeply personal. He offers us a great lesson on what it means to be a performer.
This recording project has some peculiarities and technical specificities, first, because you recorded all the horn parts. What kind of challenges did this pose for you?
It has given me such excitement and joy to work on a recording with the goal of reaching a high level of quality but also, and especially, a natural and organic musical result. Nothing is more enjoyable than making music with friends and colleagues! But the fact is that I couldn’t bring three other horn players to Germany for a week to work with me. So, it became important to find a technical way to imitate a regular horn quartet. We started with positioning in the hall (Engelbert Schmid’s Mindelsaal Concert Hall in Bavaria), placing the mics so as to create real stereophony in the environment. Then came the order of recording the parts, knowing first where you should stop, whether or not to play the first sound of the next section, how long to hold a fermata, and so on. Other issues included whether or not you want the breaths to be heard, and the question of finding when a click track is most useful (in the piece called Noël, for example, which has many stops and starts). Facing these realities was sometimes a challenge that I would discuss intently with sound engineer Hans Lorenzen; but honestly, I have to say that switching parts was so refreshing that I never felt tired or exhausted by playing them all. It was also very convincing to listen, track-by-track, to the similarity of phrasing. We were mounting the tracks on site, so I had lots of time to rest. I am already looking forward to recording the Barboteu sextet in the near future.

Is there anything else you would like to mention or highlight? Are there already new projects for the future?

Speaking about Barboteu specifically, the next project is another tribute CD, featuring more chamber music—as I had mentioned—and perhaps one or two works without horn. For the ones who desire to know more about Georges Barboteu, I encourage you to purchase my recording because it includes a nice booklet in English, German, and French where you can read about his life (by Pascal Lagrange), and about every single piece on the album (by me). I will add that the trademarked name Centenaire Georges Barboteu has been registered by myself, not to own anything, but just to feel protected. I won’t see the bicentenary of his birth, but I am sure that this 100th anniversary is going to be of interest for at least another decade. In my recording, I am proud of two things: having the idea to ask a composer to harmonize 2 studies for horn with piano (discovering later that Barboteu improvised a piano part one day while teaching) and having the idea of the bonus track (inspired by his hobby) which is a surprise, so I won’t give away anything about that but leave it for you to discover. I feel so well paid-back by Maestro Barboteu, through his kindness and the fantastic Triptyque for horn and string quartet he wrote for me. As a note of interest, the first time I met him was at the summer academy I mentioned earlier when I was 15 years old, and my grandfather was with me. After this meeting, Barboteu never failed to ask about my grandfather and how he was faring. What an amazing memory! My grandfather died at age 96, so I had the chance to update him on many things.
Admiring important horn players of the past is not turning us to the past: in doing so, we can honor and promote their unique spirits for our own benefit—and this makes the future so exciting.
March 20, 2024
Online Music Sales
Mulliganesque by John Graas, Jr., edited by Jeff Snedeker, for horn and jazz ensemble
Mulliganesque was composed as a tribute to Gerry Mulligan (1927-1996), a good friend of the composer and considered by many to be one of the finest baritone saxophonists in history. Graas performed many times with Mulligan in a variety of settings, most of which were part of the “cool” jazz scene. Tom Mack, producer at Decca Records, wrote the liner notes for the album, and said the following about this tune: “It was a happy coincidence that made John’s good friend Gerry Mulligan available for this album. The lead-off composition bears witness to Graas’s long-standing admiration for the Mulligan approach to jazz. The title indicates the intention of this original to erect a familiar framework for Gerry’s boundless drive and distinctive sound.” Now available in the IHS Online Music Sales.
A Premiere in Sri Lanka
by Vidhurinda Samaraweera
In the busy month of March, the horn community in Sri Lanka, experienced a significant milestone. Despite the island's long history of orchestral music, stretching over six decades, no Sri Lankan orchestra had ever performed a complete Mahler symphony. The country has been home to numerous distinguished classical musicians, some of whom received their education in renowned conservatories and music schools around the world. However, the orchestral landscape has remained somewhat unchanged. This stagnation is not due to a lack of expertise or knowledge, but rather a lack of vision. Established organizations have clung to their historical ideals of elitism and isolation, thereby maintaining an amateur outlook. However, the formation of the Gustav Mahler Orchestra of Colombo in 2018 has provided a beacon of hope for passionate local musicians.
Under the leadership of Maestro Srimal Weerasinghe, the orchestra made history by premiering Gustav Mahler's Fourth Symphony on March 16th, 2024, at the Lionel Wendt Theatre in Colombo, and the concert was aptly named "The Heavenly Life."
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The Gustav Mahler Orchestra of Colombo at the Premiere conducted by maestro Srimal Weerasinghe (Image courtesy: Sagara Lakmal de Mel Photography)
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The performance featured the talented Sri Lankan mezzo-soprano, Rachel Halliday, who is currently a vocal teacher at the Royal Opera House of Oman. This was not just a Sri Lankan first, but also a South Asian premiere since Mahler's Fourth Symphony had never been performed in the region before.
I had the honor of leading the horn section as principal in this momentous premiere. My colleagues in the section were Jude Fernando, Senira Prematilleke, Ashan Madhusanka, and Thihela Somasiri. It was a dynamic section in which the youngest member was just 13 years old and the oldest 58 years old. Young Thihela is still in high school. Senira has left high-school and is expecting entry into college. Ashan is a Western music teacher based in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka. Jude is a retired serviceman now working as a freelance musician. Most notably, we are all Sri Lankan.
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(left to right) Vidhurinda Samaraweera, Jude Fernando, Thihela Somasiri, Ashan Madhusanka, Senira Prematilleke
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The concert was attended by numerous musicians and music enthusiasts, and the performance was met with widespread acclaim. I am confident that the horn section’s performance has set a new standard for future performances in Sri Lanka.
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In the heart of the Indian subcontinental region is an island nation that has been instrumental in the growth and development of horn playing. The reason is simple: Sri Lanka is home to a passionate community of capable players who are eager to learn. The Indo-Sri Lankan region, a place of rich cultural heritage, is home to a single professional orchestra, the Symphony Orchestra of India (SOI), established in 2006. Interestingly, this orchestra's horn section is exclusively composed of foreign musicians, primarily Europeans. While the horn is occasionally featured in military bands, its presence among locals is rare. This has led to a unique situation where the demand for horn players is significantly higher in India than in Sri Lanka. As a result, Indian orchestras often extend invitations to their Sri Lankan counterparts for concerts.
Collaborations with horn players and communities beyond our region present the opportunity to bring a wealth of global expertise and knowledge to our region. By establishing sustainable educational platforms, we can share the rich knowledge we acquire from these collaborations with a wider audience, thereby opening our region to the world. As we stand on the brink of this exciting journey, let the regular reports to come serve as stepping stones to establishing a thriving hub for horn performance and education in South Asia. This is not just a dream, but a vision that we are bringing to life, one note at a time.
Let us, together, create a future where the horn sounds echo throughout our region, inspiring generations to come. Stay tuned for more updates in the forthcoming editions of Horn and More. For more information on the exciting developments in my region, feel free to reach out to me at vidhurinda@gmsc.lk.
Horn on Record
by Ian Zook
Volume 14—Zdeněk Tylšar
This month’s entry honors a paragon of the horn’s Bohemian heritage as we celebrate Zdeněk Tylšar’s recording of Ignaz Pleyel’s Sinfonia Concertante No. 5 in F major. This recording was made in the Concert Hall of the Czechoslovak Radio in Bratislava, October 1980, and reissued by Musical Heritage Society in 1983.

Zdeněk Tylšar (1945-2006) was a deeply influential Czech hornist who performed for forty years (1963-2003) as solo horn of the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra. With his older brother Bedřich, the two performed and recorded as a horn duo, touring across the world and highlighting the large repertoire of concerti for two horns and orchestra.
Zdeněk Tylšar was born in Prostějov in the Olomouc region of Czechia. He began horn studies at the Brno Conservatory in 1958, and then continued onto the Janaček Academy under the tutelage of František Solč. After graduating in 1964, he was immediately engaged by the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, initially playing second horn alongside principal horn Miroslav Štefek. Zdeněk was appointed solo horn in 1968 and led the Philharmonic section for the rest of his career, retiring in 2003.
Zdeněk Tylšar also gained acclaim for his successes in solo competitions, winning third prize in the 1962 Prague Spring Competition when he was only 17 years old—stunning, as he was under the minimum allowed age limit of 18. In 1968, he returned to win first prize at the same competition, as well as first prizes at the Munich Competition (ARD) and the Geneva Competition.
The Tylšar duo first joined to perform the Haydn/Rosetti Concerto for Two Horns for Bedřich’s graduation recital from Brno Conservatory in 1962. The brothers then began a recording legacy of solo, duo, and both multi-horn concerti and chamber music that stretched from 1967 to 1994, highlighted by the duo concerti by Josef Fiala, Zavier Pokorny, and Franz Anton Rössler. Zdeněk was even more involved as a soloist, having been featured with the Czech Philharmonic over thirty times and recording a vast array of repertoire for horn with a catalog of twenty-eight records between the Supraphon, Pony, Canyon, and Essex labels.
Ignaz Pleyel’s Sinfonia Concertante No. 5 In F Major For Flute, Oboe, Bassoon, Horn and Chamber Orchestra dates from 1805. Pleyel, born in Austria in 1757, was a pupil of Franz Joseph Haydn, and made his career in Strasbourg, France, as kapellmeiseter of the cathedral orchestra. In addition to being one of the most popular and frequently-performed composers in the late 18th century, he opened his own publishing house in Paris in 1797 (inventing the paperback orchestra score), and established the Pleyel piano manufacturing workshop 1807. Pleyel pianos are still being produced today, with over 350,000 units sold annually in China alone.
The Sinfonia Concertante has the same solo instrumentation as Mozart’s version for winds, K. 287b from 1778. However, Pleyel provides a much greater degree of soloistic writing while retaining the light and virtuosic nature of this genre. The performers are flautist Miloš Jurkovič, oboist Lothar Koch, bassoonist Klaus Thunemann, and hornist Zdeněk Tylšar.
Our first example follows the four solo instruments as they introduce the melodic material for the first movement in turn:
As the music shifts into a minor key, we can hear Tylšar’s ability to blend and balance his sound from the broad opening solo, to transparent when paired with the flute, and then robust when paired with the bassoon:
A short solo allows Tylšar to showcase his uniquely supple and vibrant tone, all phrased in the singing style so prized in the Bohemian tradition:
Pleyel’s work concludes with a cadenza for the winds, recapitulating the melodic material and then launching vigorously into an ending that quizzically then fades away—an odd touch from Pleyel.
As mentioned, there is a great treasure trove of recordings from Zdeněk Tylšar as soloist as well as those paired with his brother. Many can be found on the Supraphon and Naxos websites. Among the most essential listening are the 24 Trios for Horns, Op. 82, by Anton Reicha, which the duo recorded in 1988 with Zdeněk Divoky and which won the Czech Golden Record prize.
Thank you for reading Horn on Record!


