Pedagogy Column—The Successful Studio
by Charles “Skip” Snead, Professor of Horn, The University of Alabama
Teaching can be an incredibly rewarding experience; it is the willful acceptance of a sacred trust between teacher and student. When a student entrusts the teacher with goals and dreams, that brings serious responsibility for each. It is important to treat every student as an individual and to intentionally try to meet them where they are. Each has different skill sets and a different personality; each will respond to different approaches and teaching styles. A successful teacher must practice flexibility, offering each student the best opportunity to progress and succeed.
Being a successful teacher requires a balance of three important roles: teacher, mentor, and psychologist. The teacher must have the teaching skills to offer the student what they need to learn, the mentoring skills to provide the inspiration and guidance that is required, and the psychology necessary to bring these things to bear in the most positive way for each individual.
While always being absolutely clear and honest with every student, keeping a positive forward-looking attitude is crucial. When working with a student, it is not productive to discuss what is bad or what has failed. It is more productive to support the positives that are present while also clearly outlining every opportunity for the improvement of flaws with a specific plan for how that can be achieved. This must occur with an equal eye on the technical, musical, and stylistic requirements of any given work. Encouraging the student always to look forward, learning from past mistakes, is vital; looking backward, showing undue concern about the past, is not a productive mindset. Focusing on what can be achieved and what can be corrected is what will bring success. The instilling of a proper attitude and a solid work ethic in every student is crucial to ongoing development. This is best accomplished with encouragement, a clear vision of possibilities, and active mentoring and support through the process.
The practice of honesty builds their trust in you. Students must also know that you believe in them, support opportunities for their success, and are willing to go the extra mile to help them get there. If a student is struggling, one encouraging word can be more productive than a paragraph of negative comments.
Like the relationship that is forged between the teacher and student, similar relationships between studio colleagues should be encouraged as well. Students learn effective skills, both musical and personal, by working with and supporting each other. When all players understand their roles in and commitment to the overall studio community, all grow stronger as a group. A positive, productive attitude between students is crucial. When the correct attitude is achieved, anything is possible. Then, the greatest reward for any teacher is seeing the results, whether small steps or large achievements, and the joy that ultimately follows.
Hornbasics and Daily Warm-ups—A YouTube Premiere Series
by Christoph Ess
Dear horn players, I am excited to announce a special project for the season. Starting on November 15, I began releasing one play-along video each day until Christmas, featuring exercises from my book Hornbasics and Daily Warm-ups. Each video offers a guided warm-up for play-along, designed to build consistency, sound, and musical focus. Join me on YouTube for daily premieres, and make these holiday weeks a time of musical growth and inspiration!
During covid, I began to write down my daily warm-up; it became a book of exercises and explanations. I released the book last year, together with play-along videos on my YouTube channel. The series includes numerous exercises assembled for maintenance and development. You will see much of what I have learned from my own teachers as well as exercises from masterclasses in which I have been inspired by colleagues. The exercises provide ways to deal with the different challenges of playing horn, to remain fit, and to improve by regular application.
This system can be changed/adapted depending on daily mood and how much time is available for practice. There are seven sections which cover the most important playing parameters. I believe it is very important to deal with all seven parameters daily; it enables me to be completely and fully warmed up, even if I have just a little time to practice, and to proceed with a rehearsal, a concert, or another practice session. To that end, each section provides exercises which you can vary based on your ability and needs. Normally, I try not to start with extreme registers or dynamics since the muscles need to be warmed up—relaxed, comparable to athletic preparation. Only then can we expand downwards, especially upwards, and finally to advance to more extreme dynamics. Another basic principal of the system is to combine opposing parameters in one exercise—slow/fast, tongued/slurred, or forte/piano—in immediate succession so that our lips and the airflow can prepare for these real-world challenges.
Join the YouTube series, and happy practicing!
Chamber Music Corner—Dussek’s Notturno Concertante, op. 68
by Layne Anspach
Jan Ladislav Dussek’s Notturno Concertante for violin, horn, and piano, Op. 68 (1809) is the subject of this month’s Chamber Music Corner. Jan Ladislav Dussek (1760-1812) was a Bohemian pianist and composer whose career took him all over Europe. Born in what is now Czechia, he spent his formative years learning piano, organ, and singing. In the 1780s, Dussek spent time in St. Petersburg and Lithuania as well as in several cities in Germany before he finally arrived in Paris. During the French Revolution, his association with the French aristocracy forced him to flee to England where he spent the next 11 years. Upon leaving England (due to a failed business endeavor with his father-in-law), Dussek worked for various nobility before returning to France in 1807. The bulk of his compositional output includes piano: concertos, piano sonatas, violin sonatas, and chamber pieces.
Dussek’s Notturno Concertante, Op. 68 (1809) was written near the end of his life after he had returned to Paris. The trio was first published as “A Notturno Concertante for the Piano Forte & Violin, With a French Horn Accompaniment ad Libitum.” As no record of a public performance has been found, the premiere was possibly at a soirée, featuring Dussek at the piano with violinist Pierre Rode; it is not known if horn was included. It is speculated that the horn part may have been written for Frédéric Duvernoy as the two men were known collaborators.
The work consists of only two movements. Andantino is in sonata-rondo form. The A theme is presented without introduction by the violin with piano support. After various iterations of the initial tune, a second melody is presented by the piano with violin and horn as textural support. Triplet figures characterize the B theme, performed again by violin and piano. A descending run sets up the return of A, this time including horn, with a very active piano accompaniment.
An syncopated motif begins a transition into A-flat major and a new melody in violin and piano. The A theme returns in the original E-flat major. We then hear the B theme which is interrupted by an upward horn arpeggio. This leads to a cadenza of brief motivic statements before a quiet conclusion.
The second movement is Tempo di menuetto in which all voices start together—but like the first movement, violin and piano dominate the texture. The trio is marked by dotted rhythms, and the work concludes with the standard da capo. This movement is pleasant, if not unique.
The refence recording is from the album Dussek: Concerto for Two Pianos & Chamber Works (Alpha Classics). The hornist is Tommi Hyytinen.
Student Column—Summer Music Festivals
by Inman Hebert
At this time of year, as horn students finish the fall semester, we must look ahead to summer opportunities. Music festivals serve as training programs for young professionals. These programs provide intensive experiences to learn orchestral repertoire and to gain professional performance experience in an immersive setting. The link below lists summer music festivals open to students in 2026.
In the early stages, to narrow your list of potential options, identify the cost of transportation, tuition, housing, and food, in combination with any potential scholarships which may be offered. Check your calendar for any conflicts, and understand that music festivals often require you to arrive earlier and stay later than the festival dates listed on the main website.
Audition lists typically include one or two concerto expositions along with selected orchestral excerpts. Some require that the video be played in a single take, while others allow submissions through multiple takes. Consider whether you already have these pieces prepared or if you have sufficient time to create a competitive presentation.
Explore the resources offered by the festival. What combination of rehearsals, performances, masterclasses, sectionals, private instruction, and competitions does the festival offer? Can you find the repertoire for summer 2026? Are biographies of musicians they accepted the previous year included? Learn about the faculty. Once you have completed your research, rely on your own teachers to help you focus your choices and prepare the auditions.
Understand the cost of the opportunity. Your limited resources may best be placed in a few well-crafted applications, and some of these may require recommendations, resumes, essays, and headshots—in addition to the audition video. No matter the outcome, investing time in preparing the audition repertoire will make you that much more well prepared for the next opportunity that comes your way.
Here are major offerings for summer 2026.
Summer Music Festivals 2026
This listing contains Music Festival announcements for 2026; however, the postings were compiled in mid-November 2025 and will inevitably include omissions. While the International Horn Society is worldwide, the limitations of my experience have confined the scope of this listing to the United States. Inclusion does not constitute endorsement by the International Horn Society.
Aspen Music Festival
- Dates: July 1, 2026 to August 23, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Average age of their student body is 25, and most students are enrolled in pre-college, conservatory, or graduate-level music studies. Brass are rarely accepted for their half sessions.
- Application Deadline: January 5, 2026
- Location: Aspen, Colorado
- Website Link: https://www.aspenmusicfestival.com/students-welcome/admissions/programs-of-study/
Boston Tanglewood Institute French Horn Workshop
- Dates: June 21, 2026 to July 4, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Ages 14 to 20 in the program; only high schoolers are eligible for the orchestra.
- Application Deadline: January 21, 2026
- Location: Lenox, Massachusetts
- Website Link: https://www.bu.edu/cfa/tanglewood/program/french-horn-workshop/
Brevard College Orchestral Institute
- Dates: June 20, 2026 to August 2, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: The college division is for students ages 18 through 29 who have completed at least one year as a full-time college student. In addition to current undergraduates, many students in the program have graduated or are presently enrolled for graduate study.
- Application Deadline: February 15, 2026
- Location: Brevard, North Carolina
- Website Link: https://www.brevardmusic.org/institute/college/orchestral/
Chautauqua Institution
- Dates: June 26, 2026 to August 11, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Our students are typically 18 to 28 and enrolled in or recently graduated from undergraduate or graduate studies.
- Application Deadline: February 1, 2026
- Location: Chautauqua, New York
- Website Link: https://www.chq.org/festival-schools/school-of-music/instrumental-program/
Colorado College Summer Music Festival
- Dates: June 6, 2026 to June 26, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Advanced, pre-professional musicians. Applicants will range in age from 18 years old to students at the university, master’s, and doctoral levels. While most accepted students are pursuing a degree, you do not have to be currently enrolled at a school to apply.
- Application Deadline: February 15, 2026
- Location: Colorado Springs, Colorado
- Website Link: https://www.coloradocollege.edu/other/summermusicfestival/fellows/apply.html
Cormont Horn Camp (Previously known as Kendall Betts Horn Camp)
- Dates: June 13, 2026 to June 20, 2026 and June 21, 2026 to June 28, 2026. May attend one week or both weeks
- Notes on Applicants: The camp serves each participant where they are in their horn journey. High school, College, Professional, Amateur, or Returning to Horn.
- Application Deadline: First-come, first-served basis to maintain participant-to-faculty ratio of 4:1
- Location: Cardigan Mountain School, New Hampshire
- Website Link: https://horncamp.org/
Festival Napa Valley Blackburn Music Academy
- Dates: June 29, 2026 to July 19, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: The Program is open to all instrumentalists 18 years and older.
- Application Deadline: Not Yet Available as of 11/15/2025
- Location: Napa Valley, California
- Website Link: https://festivalnapavalley.org/education/academy/
Foosa Festival
- Dates: June 13, 2026 to June 29, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Advanced musicians of graduate school, college, and high school age.
- Application Deadline: Not Yet Available as of November 15, 2025
- Location: Fresno, California
- Website Link: https://www.foosamusic.org/about-foosa
Lake George Music Festival
- Dates: May 31, 2026 to June 11, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Welcome residency applications from artists of all nationalities, backgrounds, and identities, ages 18 and up.
- Application Deadline: January 15, 2026
- Location: Lake George, New York
- Website Link: https://app.getacceptd.com/nationalmusic
National Music Festival
- Dates: May 31, 2026 to June 13, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: All applicants must be at least 18 years of age by June 1, 2025. There is no upper age limit. The average age is 22, though some are younger and older.
- Application Deadline: February 10, 2026
- Location: Chestertown, Maryland
- Website Link: https://nationalmusic.us/
National Repertory Orchestra Summer Music Festival
- Dates: June 20, 2026 to August 8, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Applicants must be between 18 and 29 years of age and will have completed at least one year of college, university, or conservatory by June 16, 2026.
- Application Deadline: January 25, 2026
- Location: Breckenridge, Colorado
- Website Link: https://www.nromusic.org/how-to-apply/
Round Top Music Festival
- Dates: June 1, 2026 to July 11, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Born before December 31, 2008.
- Application Deadline: February 2, 2026
- Location: Round Top, Texas
- Website Link: https://festivalhill.org/#/summerinstitute
Sarasota Music Festival
- Dates: May 31, 2026 to June 14, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Musicians from top music programs at colleges and conservatories are invited to audition and participate.
- Application Deadline: February 15, 2026
- Location: Sarasota, Florida
- Website Link: https://www.sarasotaorchestra.org/festival
Sewanee Summer Music Festival
- Dates: June 14, 2026 to July 12, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: Includes pre-college and college students.
- Application Deadline: February 15, 2026
- Location: Sewanee, Tennessee
- Website Link: https://ssmf.sewanee.edu/experience/instrumental-performance-program/
Spoleto Festival USA
- Dates: May 22, 2026 to June 7, 2026
- Notes on Applicants: An exceptionally talented group of performers is selected to perform in the ensemble.
- Application Deadline: January 1, 2026
- Location: Charleston, South Carolina
- Website Link: https://spoletousa.org/get-involved/auditions/
Pedagogy Column—Playing Perspectives
by Jason Ayoub, United States Navy Band
I have a confession to make: I really like to play loud…deafeningly loud! I’ve liked to blast since I started playing the horn. I grew up listening to the Chicago, Berlin, and the Vienna symphony brass sections in addition to film scores that highlighted the powerful sound of the horn. My models were wonderful, but I focused only on one aspect of what they could do. As soon as I could, I began blaring in every register and playing as many ear-splitting excerpts as possible. My first professional job was in a brass quintet, and my goal was to never let the horn’s sound be covered. Soon after, I won the United States Navy Band horn audition, and we prided ourselves on being the loudest military band in Washington D.C. For nearly 16 years I sat Principal and made sure I was always heard over the rest of the section (and sometimes over the entire band). As you might have guessed, all those years of loud playing finally caught up to me as I started to age. I began to get an occasional sting in the upper lip, but I reassured myself it wasn’t anything significant, and I would ease up a little in the next show. Unfortunately, I allowed myself this habit of playing too much, feeling pain, backing off, then starting the process again. I knew something had to change last summer when the pain didn’t subside, my endurance diminished, and I couldn’t keep up. I made the most difficult decision of my life and gave up playing in the band and moved into the IT office. Because the horn was a huge part of my life, I wouldn’t let this setback end my career. I rested a lot, received help, and started implementing new warm-up techniques in my everyday playing. Nearly a year and half later, I now play with more ease, and I am almost to the level I was before I started to notice problems. The reflection process throughout my healing was just as important as the rest and new warm-up routines. Everything that happened was avoidable, especially my perspectives on how great horn playing should sound. I would like to share those with you.
Listening to orchestra and movie recordings where the horns had a distinct characteristic encouraged me to emulate what I heard. No matter what horn I played—from an L-series Conn 8D to a large bore Lawson and a Schmid double—I wanted to create a powerful blend of those big Hollywood and European sounds. I spent countless hours working to create my ideal color, particularly in the louder dynamics. You’re probably wondering why that’s a problem: aren’t we supposed to work on those aspects of our playing? We are, but I was never satisfied with the sound I made while trying to achieve my concept. I felt I had to prove that I could bury the horn section, the brass section, and the band. What started as a desire to produce a powerful sound turned into a source of pride. It was this pride that kept me from backing down…and that even created an unbalanced ensemble.
Such a mentality can produce problems within a section. Instead of working together for uniform tone and dynamics, colleagues may end up doing just the opposite. Because section members want to match the principal's dynamics, they play so loudly that a characteristic sound and good pitch are sacrificed, and overdone dynamics produce an imbalance that loses blend. Injury, resentfulness, and unmusical sections are a negative result of these approaches. In the end, players don’t work well together, and the result is individual sounds rather than a united section.
My desire for the Navy Band section to sound larger than life was also hindered by another aspect peculiar to military bands.
Most orchestras have the luxury of performing in the same venue for the majority of their performance season. Those players learn how to play in their hall and produce the section sound they desire in that space. In the Navy Band, we perform in a different venue for almost every concert. On national tours, we encounter a variety of acoustics, from concert halls to high school gymnasiums. In most concert halls you can hear yourself, your section, and the rest of the ensemble. Unfortunately, gymnasium performances create situations where it is incredibly difficult to hear your section, the ensemble, and sometimes even yourself. Not knowing whether we are projecting or not creates the desire to play louder and louder. I would often feel like it was my job to make sure that the horns were heard. Instead of trusting my section mates to carry the load with me, I would play even louder to compensate for my inability to hear my colleagues. My friend Jose Sibaja used to say that you can’t save the band by playing louder to keep the ensemble together; it always causes more problems than it fixes. Yet I was trying to save the section instead of trusting them as the fine professionals they are. This becomes a vicious cycle which can lead to injury and section members inadvertently working against each other.
During my recovery, my mindset has changed. Playing with a full, loud sound will always be part of my playing, but I choose my moments. Many years ago, my teacher, Dr. William Scharnberg, had a great comment concerning dynamics that always stuck with me. He said that playing loud is like the peak of a mountain and soft is like the valley below. Your peak only looks impressive if there is also a deep valley. If mezzo forte to fff is all the same, then you are really existing on a dynamic plateau without any peak. Every player and ensemble needs to have the ability to perform all the dynamics and not just soft and loud. Loud playing is only as impressive as the soft dynamics which help them to stand out. For too many years, I was caught on a dynamic plateau, and I needed to experience greater depth.
My advice for all my students and future horn players would be to focus on creating a quality sound that will project in any performing space and always to work for a controlled and blended dynamic range. Horn players should not only be the muscle in the ensemble but also have the versatility to work as a woodwind player who creates lyrical melodies with delicate precision. Always treat the quiet sounds with as much care as you do the great climactic parts of a work.
Chamber Music Corner—John Harbison’s Twilight Music
Chamber Music Corner—John Harbison’s Twilight Music
by Layne Anspach
This month’s Chamber Music Corner focuses on John Harbison’s Twilight Music for horn, violin, and piano (1985). John Harbison (b. 1938) is an American composer, conductor, and academic. He is an Institute Professor Emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and his output amounts to nearly 300 works, including operas, symphonies, a ballet, and chamber music. Harbison has served in residencies with the Pittsburgh Symphony and the Los Angeles Philharmonic in addition to several festivals. Among many awards, he has received a MacArthur Fellowship and a Pulitzer Prize. Harbison has also served as the President of the Copland Fund.
Twilight Music for horn, violin, and piano (1985) was commissioned by the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center, which hosted the premiere on March 22, 1985. The piece is a single movement work divided into four distinct sections. The first section, Con moto, flessibile, begins with violin and horn serving as counterbalances to each other. Harbison writes in his program notes, “The horn and the violin have little in common. Any merging must be tromp-l’ Oreille and they share material mainly to show how differently they project it.” As the dialogue progresses, the piano enters as support to the narrative. A momentary peak in the phrase leads to the first iteration which horn and violin perform together. The two part when the horn abandons the violin only to re-enter with a separate melody. The section ends with piano alone but moves directly into the second section, Presto, in which most of the technical skills needed to perform the work, with its fast tempo and quick darting figures, is required. The horn and violin eventually come together again, made all the more striking by disparate passages leading to the merger. The section begins to break down when the texture becomes more sparse, with each performer playing on their own.
Antiphon, the third section is, as Harbison describes, “the crux—the origin of the piece’s intervallic character.” The violin and horn play rhythmically together for much of the section—in contrast to the two prior sections. The character shifts when the violin initiates a long chromatic line which separates the two until a sweeping jump reunites them. A descent into the horn’s low register and sparse violin and piano writing signals the end of the section with a grand pause preceding the finale, Adagio, cantabile. Here, both violin and horn again play separately with piano underpinning long passages. The two instruments do not play melodic content together for the entire section (making the contrast in the third section more meaningful). Upper range in the violin and continued piano support brings the work to a calm finish.
The reference recording comes from a performance at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music’s Chamber Music Masters series from February 18, 2010. The hornist is Robert Ward.
Research to Resonance—Part 2: The Mechanism of Volatility (or “It Crashed, and So Did You, But Only One Stayed Down”)
by Katy Carnaggio
The curtain rod gave out first. That felt right. Not symbolic, not poetic. Just one more thing failing to hold.
You hadn’t touched your music in four days. The recital loomed on the calendar, circled in red, like you meant it. And then the curtain gave out. And that’s what you chose to fix.
Drywall dust in your hair. A drill buzzing like a bee in your hands. And for the first time in days, you don’t feel like running. You feel sharp. Focused. You even learn how to locate support points using a stud finder and say, “Well, that’s not ideal,” with dignity.
And you nail it so quickly (or drilled it, really) that it surprises you, as if your brain was thrilled by the messy, shifting middle where your thoughts leap and your body learns and your fear doesn’t leave but you keep going…like it sees your originality, your resilience, your wild intelligence that re-routes on instinct. And it doesn’t want to miss a thing. So it stays.
When your brain detects the mismatch between what it expected and what happened, and when it sees the curtains crash down, too, it releases the precise amount of chemicals to boost alertness and help you focus. It focuses your attention and executive-control networks to figure out what went wrong and how to adjust.
And though it prefers a pattern—a reason, proof—it sees the tension in your shoulders, the ongoing mismatch in your expectation, and swaps perfection for direction. It says, “It’s okay. We’ll learn on the way.” It lowers the threshold for learning, so you can adapt faster, with less feedback.
When the situation stays unstable, but within reach, your brain stores what you learn in a flexible, generalized form so you can use it for different contexts later. Not just for curtains.
You learn faster and deeper, because when the ceiling falls down, your brain doesn’t freeze. It doesn’t flinch. It steps forward. It says, “I see you. Even now. Especially now.”
When mismatched expectations come with a horn, that step forward can sometimes feel like a threat. The stakes feel higher. It’s your music, after all. You’re alert, but your hands won’t stop shaking. You’re focused, but only on your mistakes. You’re adapting, but nothing feels stable enough to stand on. And sometimes, that very volatility, the one that primes your deepest learning, is the same thing that makes you set the horn down. Just for a day. Then a weekend. Then a week…until it’s been so long you forget how your own breath feels. Until you whisper, without meaning to, “I don’t know if I’m a musician anymore.”
Offered, like a secret, afraid that it won’t be held, something warm meets you instead. Steady. Familiar. A whisper you feel more than hear: “Hey. Still here. Not scared of the mess.”
Your brain sees you. Even now. Especially now. It doesn’t flinch when your hands shake. It doesn’t leave when your sound does. However long it takes, however far you wander, the moment you reach back, it reaches with you. You’re still learning, because when you doubt the most is when your brain sees the most. Not the effort. Not the habit. Not even the resilience. It sees your wanting.
You may believe your worth is in the practice room. But your brain has never located your value there. Not once. It watches the way you move toward music again and again, even when you can’t touch it. Your raw desire to belong activates every system it has.
You don’t have to prove you’re a musician. You’re the one it builds the music around…the phrases you shape from a falling leaf, the timing you map from subway doors, or the ache you channel from betrayal.
There’s even a name for it: Transfer of Knowledge. It’s when a skill, a truth, or knowledge learned in one context changes how you perform in another. It asks you to notice the different selves you already are and draw connections between them, so what you learn in one part of life can advance the others.
Your brain sees it all in one moment: the student, the musician, the person, the teacher, the bruised, the burning, the still-reaching. And it never recovers. (In the best way).
Transfer isn’t just what your brain does for you. It’s what you do with your whole life when you decide to let it count. You learn how to link things. You learn how to trust the links. You learn that finding support points for your curtain rods might work for your tricky phrases, too. And in that trust? You become unstoppable. The practice was never the proof. The love was. And it never left. So even now, especially now. You’re still here.
Next up, Part 3: The Mechanism of Connection (or “Transfer Is Hot and You’re Not Apologizing”)