Interview « Georges Barboteu »
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| Hervé Joulain et Georges Barboteu |
Au moment où nous célébrons le centenaire de la naissance de Georges Barboteu, c’est certainement un projet très personnel que ce Cd. Comment cela est-il venu à ton esprit? Peux-tu nous en dire davantage?
Avant tout, en France, chaque corniste a une infinie tendresse et admiration pour Georges Barboteu, y compris ceux qui n’ont jamais reçu de lesson de sa part, et même la jeune génération qui n’a pas connu le Maître. Cela est certainement du à son imposante personnalité et à son talent de touche à tout. Au cours de ses études musicales, il a appris le cor avec son père (1er Cor à la Radio d’Alger), mais aussi la contrebasse pour parer à un éventuel accident de sport! Il a également étudié l’écriture, l’harmonie et le contrepoint avant de s’adonner à la musique de Jazz auprès du pianiste Martial Solal (96 ans aujourd’hui et toujours vivant!)
Arrivé en France, il partage sa vie entre Paris et sa tendre-aimée Corse, se donnant intensément dans de nombreuses activités. À l’orchestre, au sein des meilleures phalanges, en enseignant, aussi bien au Supérieur qu’à la Ville de Paris, mais aussi lors de stages estivaux, en écrivant de la musique (pas seulement pour le cor), en organisant et participant à des séances de studio pour des musiques de films (au cor et au sifflet!), en jouant dans le quintette de cuivres Ars Nova et aux Philharmonistes de Chateauroux, ensemble qu’il dirige parfois, et bien sûr via une carrière de soliste au travers l’Europe (concerts et enregistrements)
De fait, son omniprésence sur la scène musicale alliée à son grand charisme le place numéro un dans l’hexagone. Entre tout cela, ses compositions participent éminemment à en faire un artiste complet et de légende.
Quel importance à eu Georges Barboteu dans l’école française et en particulier dans ta propre carrière?
En dehors du typique vibrato Français de l’époque, j’aimerai insister davantage sur ses indéniables qualités musicales. Du fait des ses riches et éclectiques études en Algérie et ensuite en France, il en a développé une façon unique de trouver une liberté inspirée, quand il souffle dans son cor. À propos, il aimait chanter ou siffler, preuve irréfutable qu’il cherchait bien une certaine aisance dans le discours.
Il est difficile de parler de ses jeunes années (il arrive en France vers 1940) mais ma supposition est la suivante: comme le cor à piston n’est pas nécessairement l’idéal dans la réalisation de la virtuosité, Georges Barboteu a dû developper sa propre via maestra pour rendre son instrument aussi intéressant qu’un violon, qu’une flûte ou un piano.

Durant mon enfance, j’avais honte de me balader avec une boîte de cor toute biscornue… Il faut dire que le cor était très rare dans ma région et que j’étais trop timide pour assumer ce cuivre, de surcroît choisi par mon grand-père! À la découverte de disques 33T (les fameux vinyls, on les appelait les disques noirs!) de Ferenc Tarjány, Alan Civil, Dennis Brain, Hermann Baumann, Barry Tuckwell), j’ai eu la belle surprise de voir que grâce à Georges Barboteu, en France une carrière de soliste était imaginable, donc je jouais bien un instrument… noble! En développant et affirmant un statut de soliste pour le cor (tout comme Maurice André à la Trompette), Georges Barboteu m’a ouvert une voie royale en me donnant la foi de croire en mon instrument comme soliste. Depuis, en 40 ans, j’ai joué avec 140 orchestres différents, aussi, je suis ô-combien reconnaissant envers mon ex-professeur!
La France a compté de nombreux fameux cornistes/pédagogues/compositeurs dans le passé, crois-tu que Georges Barboteu à une place aussi importante que Dauprat ou Gallay?
Oui, bien sûr et il a l’avantage d’être arrivé postérieurement, profitant de ce qu’il aura apprit des grands figures que tu mentionnes, comme Louis François Dauprat (1781-1868), Jacques François Gallay (1795-1864), mais aussi François Brémond (1844-1925) un incroyable compositeur pour le cor. Mr Barboteu est peut-être même davantage intéressé à écrire de la musique de chambre que juste écrire pour le cor. Je classerai dans une autre catégorie les nombreux ouvrages ou études techniques qu’il a produit, pensant qu’il voulait simplement aider ses actuels et futurs étudiants à progresser.
Quel enseignant était Georges Barboteu? Comment peux-tu définir son style et ses priorités dans sa pédagogie?
Je n’oublierai jamais ma première leçon, tant elle fut impressionnante, participant à un stage d’été à la Cité Universitaire de Paris. Il y avait à mes côtés 15 ou 20 étudiants que le Maître connaissait déjà. Dès lors, sans surprise il me demanda de jouer en premier! Quelle impressionnante situation que de ne pas connaître le niveau des élèves autour de vous. En dépit de mon mauvais grave, de mes trilles irréguliers et de mon lent staccato simple, cela s’est bien passé et le Boss m’invita à rejoindre sa classe au Conservatoire du Centre dès la rentrée suivante! Parfois, il nous arrivait de venir tôt, afin de consacrer toute la matinée à un travail technique utile et bienvenu. La plupart du temps, étrangement, nous jouions les exercices tous ensemble, ce qui n’autorise pas vraiment le contrôle de chacun. Je pense que notre professeur voulait optimiser ce temps pour nous apprendre un maximum de formules et phrases. Concernant les cours habituels, nous jouions naturellement individuellement et toujours avec un accompagnement de piano. À propos des incontournables concertos de Mozart (requis pour toute audition), Georges Barboteu était plutôt directif et ne faisait pas dans la demi-mesure, en nous demandant de noter toutes les nuances et indications diverses au stylo bille, en ajoutant que ce serait pour toute la vie!
Cela serait sans doute considéré comme une pédagogie autoritaire aujourd’hui, mais je pense qu’il voulait juste effacer nos défaut et produire une version de base acceptable en toute circonstance. À propos des auditions à venir, il disait qu’au premier couac, nous serions disqualifiés!
Quel est son style de composition? Était-ce difficile de choisir les oeuvres pour ton project d’enregistrement?
Depuis que je travaille à l’hommage du 100ème anniversaire de sa naissance, tant de pièces méritent d’y figurer que j’ai en tête de réaliser 2 différents albums. Les critères varient entre l’évidence du choix d’une œuvre majeure et la volonté de donner sa chance à une pièce peu connue ou jamais enregistrée. Ici, j’ai choisi majoritairement des quatuors de cor et un quintette pour cor et quatuor à cordes. Un éventuel volume 2 pourra offrir plus d’études ou encore davantage de pièces de chambre pour bois, pour cuivres, ou des formations plus hétéroclite tel que hautbois, cor et piano ou flûte, cor et harpe. Si jamais le présent enregistrement trouve son public, je continuerai à partager de la musique jamais publiée…
Le style de la musique de Georges Barboteu a changé tout au long de sa vie, à commencer par l’influence du jazz, pas tant pour le côté « improvisation » que les effets rythmiques qu’il a su recréer, cela ajouté au style Peplum (Noël). Ensuite G.B. a écrit la typique musique cynégétique pour cor (QuartettoN1, Quartetto N2, Sologne, Flutacoranne, Saisons). L’ensemble de sa musique pour vents est facile d’écoute, mixant des thèmes traditionnels ou des chants folkloriques légers issus du 20ème siècle (Esquisse, Chansonnerie, Prélude et Divertissement, Caricatures, Fresque). Suite à des séjours à Darmstadt auprès de Stockhausen, il s’est tourné vers la musique dite « contemporaine" (Trio pour un Colloque, Formule 6, Fa7, Pièce pour Quentin) puis il a écrit plus dense avec des sentiments forts, peut-être sous la contrainte de la douleur physique, suite à des problèmes de santé.
Quoi qu’il en soit, ses racines méditerranéennes ont produit une musique pleine d’esprit, de joie, de gaité, d’humour, enjouée… Je confirme que le Maestro était avec nous toujours de bonne humeur, agréable et poli.
Pour ceux qui ne connaitraient pas bien la musique de Georges Barboteu, et qui voudraient la découvrir ou même en acheter les partitions, quels en sont les éditeurs?
Quand elle est publiée, en général ses morceaux sont représentés par l’éditeur français Choudens (maison fondée dès 1945 par Antoine de Choudens). Aujourd’hui cette société appartient au groupe anglo-saxon Wise Music Group, qui possède également Chester Music (Francis Poulenc, Igor Stravinsky). Néanmoins il est possible de commander la plupart des pièces de G. Barboteu auprès de l’antenne française de Wise: https://www.wisemusicclassical.com/wmcparis.
Comment vois-tu l’héritage de Georges Barboteu et réussis-tu à l’imaginer dans le futur?
Assurément, avec son approche toute sienne face à une partition pour cor, et son habilité à explorer toute manière de chanter, Barboteu nous a ouvert les yeux sur le pouvoir illimité de l’expression dans la musique. Ce leg va rester, car il est bien né et basé sur le bon goût, on n’est pas dans la gesticulation. On touche là l’immense atout de la musique classique qui préserve et développe des traditions stylistiques. Ce n’est qu’avec de bonnes fondations qu’un édifice restera stable et indemne dans le temps. Les japonais ont sorti au Cd les enregistrements du légendaire flûtiste Marcel Moyse (1889-1984) et je m’en réjouis. Le préambule pour devenir musicien professionnel est de connaître les différentes écoles stylistiques de par le monde. C’est pourquoi je ressens comme une responsabilité de promouvoir au moins la musique de cet immense artiste. J’encourage tout corniste à écouter les enregistrements de Georges Barboteu, qui sont toujours uniques et précieux. On prend une leçon sur ce que signifie être un interprète…
Ton enregistrement contient des particularités et et des innovations, déjà parce que tu a enregistré toi-même toutes les parties de cor. Quels furent tes défis?
Ce fut un vrai plaisir et une grande joie de définir en amont d’un protocol d’enregistrement afin d’atteindre la qualité attendue, et ce, gardant le naturel d’une version de concert. Je dois quand même confesser qu’il n’y a rien de plus agréable que de faire de la musique avec des amis, des collègues… ou les 2 en même temps! Le fait est qu’il m’était impossible d’avoir à mes côtés 3 cornistes pour une semaine outre Rhin. À partir de là, cela devint intéressant de trouver des moyens techniques pour imiter parfaitement un quatuor de cors.
À commencer par la position dans la salle (dans la salle de concert d’Engelbert Schmid -Mindelsaal en Bavière), la délicate position des microphones pour arriver à un stéréophonie réaliste. Puis définir l’ordre d’enregistrement des parties, sachant avant où s’arrêter, en jouant ou pas la première note du passage suivant, quelle longueur tenir un point d’orgue… Si on veut que la respiration s’entende, et plein d’autres questions comme l’utilisation du métronome dans la pièce nommée Noël, qui ne cesse de s’arrêter et de reprendre! Se trouver face à certaines réalités fut parfois un vrai challenge qui m’a fait débattre intensément avec l’ingénieur du son Hans Lorenzen, mais honnêtement je dois dire que changer de voix était si rafraîchissant que je ne me suis jamais senti fatigué ou épuisé à jouer. Ce fut aussi très rassurant d’écouter plage après plage des phrasés homogènes. Nous faisions le montages des 4 voix sur place, donc j’avais beaucoup de temps de repos. Je me projette déjà enregistrant le sextuor pour cors de G. Barboteu!

Que voudrais-tu ajouter ou bien mettre en avant? As-tu déjà d’autres projets à venir?
À propos de Barboteu, le projet suivant est un autre Cd d’hommage, incluant plus de musique de chambre et hélas pour certains une ou deux oeuvres sans cor! Pour tout ceux qui voudraient en savoir davantage sur Georges Barboteu, je les invite à s’offrir mon album, qui contient un joli livret en Français, Anglais et Allemand, où Pascal Lagrange parle de sa vie, et moi-même de chacune des pièces du Cd. Le nom Centenaire Georges Barboteu a été déposé à l’INPI, non pour acquérir quoi que ce soit, mais afin de me protéger. Je ne verrai jamais le bicentenaire de la naissance de G.B., mais je reste convaincu que ce 100ème anniversaire va intéresser autour de nous pour un belle décennie! Dans mon enregistrement, je suis fier de 2 choses: avoir eu l’idée de demander à Pascal Proust d’harmoniser 2 études pour cor et piano (j’ai su depuis que Mr Barboteu en avait eu l’idée un jour en enseignant!) et d’avoir imaginé le petit bonus à la fin du Cd, qui restera une surprise, donc je ne vais ici en dire plus…
Je suis très reconnaissant envers Maître Barboteu pour sa gentillesse et son fantastique Triptyque pour cor et quatuor à cordes (qui m’est dédié). Une petite anecdote: la première fois que je l’ai rencontré à ce stage d’été, j’avais 15 ans et j’étais accompagné par mon grand-père. Après cette rencontre, toute sa vie, Georges Barboteu m’a demandé des nouvelles de mon grand-père, quelle mémoire! Comme il n’est décédé qu’à l’âge de 96 ans, j’ai lu ai donné des nouvelles de nombreuses fois!
Le fait d’admirer des cornistes importants du passé, ne fait pas de nous des citoyens tournés vers le passé, on peut les honorer et porter en avant ces esprits hors du commun, pour notre plus grand bien. Le futur est enthousiasmant…
Hervé JOULAIN, le 20 Mars 2024
Interview with Hervé Joulain on Georges Barboteu
by Bernardo Silva, Vice-President, International Horn Society
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| Hervé Joulain and Georges Barboteu |
JBS: At a time when we celebrate the centenary of the birth of Georges Barboteu, this is for you a very personal project. How did it come about? Could you give us a brief introduction?
HJ: First of all, in France every horn player has an unlimited admiration for Georges Barboteu, even the ones who never took lessons with him, and even the young generation who had no chance to meet him. It probably has to do with the strong personality and multi-disciplinary artistry of Mr. Barboteu. During his studies, he learned the horn with his father (himself principal horn at Algiers Radio), but also the double bass, in case of a sports accident! He studied harmony and counterpoint as well, and he discovered Jazz music next to pianist Martial Solal (96 years old and still living). When moving to France where he lived his whole life (between Paris and his beloved land of Corsica), he started sharing his time among many different activities. Playing in the orchestra in the best French phalanges, teaching in different conservatories and summer academies, writing music (and not just for horn), playing studio sessions for movies or tv programs (including whistling), playing in the Ars Nova brass quintet and a wind ensemble (sometimes conducting this group), and, of course, a solo career across Europe (concerts and recordings). Obviously, this intensive presence in the musical world established Georges Barboteu as a prime figure in France. It is also clear that his compositions made him become forever a complete and legendary artist.
How important was Georges Barboteu to the French school of horn playing and to your career in particular?
Excepting the typical French vibrato, I would insist that we consider his musical qualities. Probably due to his eclectic and rich musical studies, he has developed a unique way of finding an elegant freedom when singing into the horn. By the way, he loved to sing or to whistle, a clear sign that he was looking for ease in his playing. It is difficult to perfectly know the early years (arriving in Paris around 1940), but I guess that playing the piston horn—definitely not the easiest for virtuosity—Georges Barboteu had to develop his own way to make the instrument special, as interesting as the piano or the flute or the violin.

Personally, during my childhood, I was ashamed to walk with a horn case in the street. Suffice it to say that in my region the horn was quite unknown, and I was too shy to present a brass instrument looking like that—and it was chosen for me by my grandfather! After discovering some solo vinyls (Ferenc Tarjány, Alan Civil, Dennis Brain, Hermann Baumann, Barry Tuckwell), I had the great joy to observe through Barboteu that a solo career was possible with the horn. Developing and successfully defending the status of soloist, he has opened to me a grand way for believing in my future solo life with the horn. In forty years, I have played concertos with 140 different orchestras, so I am so grateful to my dear teacher!
Historically in France there have been great horn players/pedagogues/composers. Do you think that Georges Barboteu has a place of similar importance to Dauprat or Gallay?
Of course, and he has the advantage to come later, integrating what he learned from those important figures you are mentioning, like Louis François Dauprat (1781-1868), Jacques François Gallay (1795-1864), but also François Brémond (1844-1925) who is an amazing composer for the horn. Georges Barboteu is perhaps even more interested in writing chamber music rather than writing just for the horn. I put in a different category the numerous technical studies he created; I think he genuinely wanted to help his current and future students.
As a teacher, what was Barboteu like? How would you characterize his style and his priorities in pedagogy?
My first lesson was very impressive, joining a summer course in the Cité Universitaire de Paris, next to 15 or 20 students that Barboteu knew already. So, of course, he asked me to play first! What a stressful situation when you have no idea about the level around you. Despite my bad low register, my unstable trills, and my slow single staccato, it went quite well, and he invited me to join his studio the following September. Sometimes, we had the chance to come early in the morning to participate in a technique session; these were so marvelously practical. Most of the time, strangely, we were playing the exercises all together, which is not ideal to help every player; but I think that he wanted us to learn a maximum number of melodies and patterns. Concerning the regular lessons, we were, certainly, playing individually and always with piano accompaniment. Regarding the Mozart concertos specifically (essential for any audition), Georges Barboteu was a bit directional, asking us to write with a pen all his dynamics and indications, insisting that such things are enduring. It can seem a bit authoritative today, but I think he just wanted us to turn to a basic and polished version with nothing either too typical or too bizarre. He was also fond of saying, “One wrong note and you are fired!”
What about his composition style? Was it difficult to select the repertoire for this recording project?
Since I am working on his 100th anniversary tribute, I wanted to provide a place for so many different works that I am actually considering a second recording project. My interest is in promoting good works and recording others which are not well-known. For now, I have chosen more horn quartets or horn with string quartet. Another album might bring more of the studies but, especially, more chamber music for brass or woodwinds, or more eclectic groups like oboe, horn and piano, or flute, horn and harp. If the present CD finds a good audience, I will definitely proceed in sharing some of his unpublished music. Barboteu’s compositional style changed through the years, starting with a jazz influence, although not necessarily with the freedom we might prefer—and with more percussion and rhythmic elements as the ornate details (such as in Noël). Later, he wrote typical horn music in the hunting style (Quartetto No. 1, Quartetto No. 2, Sologne, Flutacoranne, Saisons). Most of his music for winds is very easy-listening, mixing traditional tunes or folkloric light songs with the 20th century (Esquisse, Chansonnerie, Prélude et Divertissement, Caricatures, Fresque). After some time in Darmstadt with Stockhausen, he had a period more inclined to contemporary music (Trio pour un Colloque, Formule 6, Formule 7, Pièce pour Quentin). Last, he wrote more deeply, with intense feeling, maybe because of his health troubles (Medium, Triptyque). However, his Mediterranean roots makes his music full of spirit, joy, gaiety, humor, playfulness, and self-deprecation. I can personally confirm that Barboteu was always in a good mood, pleasant and very polite and gentle.
For those who are less familiar with Barboteu's compositions and would like to discover more or even purchase some, which companies have published his compositions?
Most of his published music is represented by the French editor Choudens (founded in 1845 by Antoine de Choudens). Today, this brand belongs to Wise Music Group based in the UK and who also manages Chester Music (Francis Poulenc, Igor Stravinsky). Those interested can find and order most of Barboteu’s titles at the French branch of Wise Music.
How do you currently see Barboteu’s legacy, and how do you see it for the future?
Definitely, with his unique way of reading a horn score, by exploring opportunities to sing, Barboteu opened our eyes to the unlimited power of expression in music. This heritage will last because it is based on good taste, not doing something just to do it. Here, we encounter the great chance for classical music to be maintained and developed on stylistic traditions. Only with good roots can a tree grow and secure a future in its environment. The Japanese are publishing the old recordings of legendary flutist Marcel Moyse (1889-1984), for example, and I welcome this initiative. This is a prerequisite to the desire to become a professional musician: knowing any school or geographic style. That is why I feel a responsibility to promote at least the music of this one immense artist. I encourage every horn player to try to listen to some of Barboteu’s recordings which are always so deeply personal. He offers us a great lesson on what it means to be a performer.
This recording project has some peculiarities and technical specificities, first, because you recorded all the horn parts. What kind of challenges did this pose for you?
It has given me such excitement and joy to work on a recording with the goal of reaching a high level of quality but also, and especially, a natural and organic musical result. Nothing is more enjoyable than making music with friends and colleagues! But the fact is that I couldn’t bring three other horn players to Germany for a week to work with me. So, it became important to find a technical way to imitate a regular horn quartet. We started with positioning in the hall (Engelbert Schmid’s Mindelsaal Concert Hall in Bavaria), placing the mics so as to create real stereophony in the environment. Then came the order of recording the parts, knowing first where you should stop, whether or not to play the first sound of the next section, how long to hold a fermata, and so on. Other issues included whether or not you want the breaths to be heard, and the question of finding when a click track is most useful (in the piece called Noël, for example, which has many stops and starts). Facing these realities was sometimes a challenge that I would discuss intently with sound engineer Hans Lorenzen; but honestly, I have to say that switching parts was so refreshing that I never felt tired or exhausted by playing them all. It was also very convincing to listen, track-by-track, to the similarity of phrasing. We were mounting the tracks on site, so I had lots of time to rest. I am already looking forward to recording the Barboteu sextet in the near future.

Is there anything else you would like to mention or highlight? Are there already new projects for the future?

Speaking about Barboteu specifically, the next project is another tribute CD, featuring more chamber music—as I had mentioned—and perhaps one or two works without horn. For the ones who desire to know more about Georges Barboteu, I encourage you to purchase my recording because it includes a nice booklet in English, German, and French where you can read about his life (by Pascal Lagrange), and about every single piece on the album (by me). I will add that the trademarked name Centenaire Georges Barboteu has been registered by myself, not to own anything, but just to feel protected. I won’t see the bicentenary of his birth, but I am sure that this 100th anniversary is going to be of interest for at least another decade. In my recording, I am proud of two things: having the idea to ask a composer to harmonize 2 studies for horn with piano (discovering later that Barboteu improvised a piano part one day while teaching) and having the idea of the bonus track (inspired by his hobby) which is a surprise, so I won’t give away anything about that but leave it for you to discover. I feel so well paid-back by Maestro Barboteu, through his kindness and the fantastic Triptyque for horn and string quartet he wrote for me. As a note of interest, the first time I met him was at the summer academy I mentioned earlier when I was 15 years old, and my grandfather was with me. After this meeting, Barboteu never failed to ask about my grandfather and how he was faring. What an amazing memory! My grandfather died at age 96, so I had the chance to update him on many things.
Admiring important horn players of the past is not turning us to the past: in doing so, we can honor and promote their unique spirits for our own benefit—and this makes the future so exciting.
March 20, 2024
Online Music Sales
Mulliganesque by John Graas, Jr., edited by Jeff Snedeker, for horn and jazz ensemble
Mulliganesque was composed as a tribute to Gerry Mulligan (1927-1996), a good friend of the composer and considered by many to be one of the finest baritone saxophonists in history. Graas performed many times with Mulligan in a variety of settings, most of which were part of the “cool” jazz scene. Tom Mack, producer at Decca Records, wrote the liner notes for the album, and said the following about this tune: “It was a happy coincidence that made John’s good friend Gerry Mulligan available for this album. The lead-off composition bears witness to Graas’s long-standing admiration for the Mulligan approach to jazz. The title indicates the intention of this original to erect a familiar framework for Gerry’s boundless drive and distinctive sound.” Now available in the IHS Online Music Sales.
A Premiere in Sri Lanka
by Vidhurinda Samaraweera
In the busy month of March, the horn community in Sri Lanka, experienced a significant milestone. Despite the island's long history of orchestral music, stretching over six decades, no Sri Lankan orchestra had ever performed a complete Mahler symphony. The country has been home to numerous distinguished classical musicians, some of whom received their education in renowned conservatories and music schools around the world. However, the orchestral landscape has remained somewhat unchanged. This stagnation is not due to a lack of expertise or knowledge, but rather a lack of vision. Established organizations have clung to their historical ideals of elitism and isolation, thereby maintaining an amateur outlook. However, the formation of the Gustav Mahler Orchestra of Colombo in 2018 has provided a beacon of hope for passionate local musicians.
Under the leadership of Maestro Srimal Weerasinghe, the orchestra made history by premiering Gustav Mahler's Fourth Symphony on March 16th, 2024, at the Lionel Wendt Theatre in Colombo, and the concert was aptly named "The Heavenly Life."
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The Gustav Mahler Orchestra of Colombo at the Premiere conducted by maestro Srimal Weerasinghe (Image courtesy: Sagara Lakmal de Mel Photography)
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The performance featured the talented Sri Lankan mezzo-soprano, Rachel Halliday, who is currently a vocal teacher at the Royal Opera House of Oman. This was not just a Sri Lankan first, but also a South Asian premiere since Mahler's Fourth Symphony had never been performed in the region before.
I had the honor of leading the horn section as principal in this momentous premiere. My colleagues in the section were Jude Fernando, Senira Prematilleke, Ashan Madhusanka, and Thihela Somasiri. It was a dynamic section in which the youngest member was just 13 years old and the oldest 58 years old. Young Thihela is still in high school. Senira has left high-school and is expecting entry into college. Ashan is a Western music teacher based in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka. Jude is a retired serviceman now working as a freelance musician. Most notably, we are all Sri Lankan.
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(left to right) Vidhurinda Samaraweera, Jude Fernando, Thihela Somasiri, Ashan Madhusanka, Senira Prematilleke
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The concert was attended by numerous musicians and music enthusiasts, and the performance was met with widespread acclaim. I am confident that the horn section’s performance has set a new standard for future performances in Sri Lanka.
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In the heart of the Indian subcontinental region is an island nation that has been instrumental in the growth and development of horn playing. The reason is simple: Sri Lanka is home to a passionate community of capable players who are eager to learn. The Indo-Sri Lankan region, a place of rich cultural heritage, is home to a single professional orchestra, the Symphony Orchestra of India (SOI), established in 2006. Interestingly, this orchestra's horn section is exclusively composed of foreign musicians, primarily Europeans. While the horn is occasionally featured in military bands, its presence among locals is rare. This has led to a unique situation where the demand for horn players is significantly higher in India than in Sri Lanka. As a result, Indian orchestras often extend invitations to their Sri Lankan counterparts for concerts.
Collaborations with horn players and communities beyond our region present the opportunity to bring a wealth of global expertise and knowledge to our region. By establishing sustainable educational platforms, we can share the rich knowledge we acquire from these collaborations with a wider audience, thereby opening our region to the world. As we stand on the brink of this exciting journey, let the regular reports to come serve as stepping stones to establishing a thriving hub for horn performance and education in South Asia. This is not just a dream, but a vision that we are bringing to life, one note at a time.
Let us, together, create a future where the horn sounds echo throughout our region, inspiring generations to come. Stay tuned for more updates in the forthcoming editions of Horn and More. For more information on the exciting developments in my region, feel free to reach out to me at vidhurinda@gmsc.lk.
Horn on Record
by Ian Zook
Volume 14—Zdeněk Tylšar
This month’s entry honors a paragon of the horn’s Bohemian heritage as we celebrate Zdeněk Tylšar’s recording of Ignaz Pleyel’s Sinfonia Concertante No. 5 in F major. This recording was made in the Concert Hall of the Czechoslovak Radio in Bratislava, October 1980, and reissued by Musical Heritage Society in 1983.

Zdeněk Tylšar (1945-2006) was a deeply influential Czech hornist who performed for forty years (1963-2003) as solo horn of the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra. With his older brother Bedřich, the two performed and recorded as a horn duo, touring across the world and highlighting the large repertoire of concerti for two horns and orchestra.
Zdeněk Tylšar was born in Prostějov in the Olomouc region of Czechia. He began horn studies at the Brno Conservatory in 1958, and then continued onto the Janaček Academy under the tutelage of František Solč. After graduating in 1964, he was immediately engaged by the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, initially playing second horn alongside principal horn Miroslav Štefek. Zdeněk was appointed solo horn in 1968 and led the Philharmonic section for the rest of his career, retiring in 2003.
Zdeněk Tylšar also gained acclaim for his successes in solo competitions, winning third prize in the 1962 Prague Spring Competition when he was only 17 years old—stunning, as he was under the minimum allowed age limit of 18. In 1968, he returned to win first prize at the same competition, as well as first prizes at the Munich Competition (ARD) and the Geneva Competition.
The Tylšar duo first joined to perform the Haydn/Rosetti Concerto for Two Horns for Bedřich’s graduation recital from Brno Conservatory in 1962. The brothers then began a recording legacy of solo, duo, and both multi-horn concerti and chamber music that stretched from 1967 to 1994, highlighted by the duo concerti by Josef Fiala, Zavier Pokorny, and Franz Anton Rössler. Zdeněk was even more involved as a soloist, having been featured with the Czech Philharmonic over thirty times and recording a vast array of repertoire for horn with a catalog of twenty-eight records between the Supraphon, Pony, Canyon, and Essex labels.
Ignaz Pleyel’s Sinfonia Concertante No. 5 In F Major For Flute, Oboe, Bassoon, Horn and Chamber Orchestra dates from 1805. Pleyel, born in Austria in 1757, was a pupil of Franz Joseph Haydn, and made his career in Strasbourg, France, as kapellmeiseter of the cathedral orchestra. In addition to being one of the most popular and frequently-performed composers in the late 18th century, he opened his own publishing house in Paris in 1797 (inventing the paperback orchestra score), and established the Pleyel piano manufacturing workshop 1807. Pleyel pianos are still being produced today, with over 350,000 units sold annually in China alone.
The Sinfonia Concertante has the same solo instrumentation as Mozart’s version for winds, K. 287b from 1778. However, Pleyel provides a much greater degree of soloistic writing while retaining the light and virtuosic nature of this genre. The performers are flautist Miloš Jurkovič, oboist Lothar Koch, bassoonist Klaus Thunemann, and hornist Zdeněk Tylšar.
Our first example follows the four solo instruments as they introduce the melodic material for the first movement in turn:
As the music shifts into a minor key, we can hear Tylšar’s ability to blend and balance his sound from the broad opening solo, to transparent when paired with the flute, and then robust when paired with the bassoon:
A short solo allows Tylšar to showcase his uniquely supple and vibrant tone, all phrased in the singing style so prized in the Bohemian tradition:
Pleyel’s work concludes with a cadenza for the winds, recapitulating the melodic material and then launching vigorously into an ending that quizzically then fades away—an odd touch from Pleyel.
As mentioned, there is a great treasure trove of recordings from Zdeněk Tylšar as soloist as well as those paired with his brother. Many can be found on the Supraphon and Naxos websites. Among the most essential listening are the 24 Trios for Horns, Op. 82, by Anton Reicha, which the duo recorded in 1988 with Zdeněk Divoky and which won the Czech Golden Record prize.
Thank you for reading Horn on Record!
Research to Resonance—Turning Struggle Into Skill
by Katy Carnaggio
Honestly, it gets to be easy. Okay…it is a little hard, but what follows makes it so much easier.
If you’ve ever wondered how great musicians have managed to turn their deep struggles into awe-inspiring strengths, consider this to be a kickstart. But instead of giving you vague, general advice like “Enjoy the process!” “Take it one day at a time!” and “Focus on the music!” we’re going to get a little gritty, because you’re never ever going to trill like Tryon if nobody teaches you how to work through the inevitable setbacks.
And speaking of the lovely Denise Tryon, next week, in collaboration with the Office of Wellness at Indiana University Jacobs School of Music, I’ll be hosting a workshop that not only features her (along with Demondrae Thurman, euphonium, and Grigory Kalinovsky, violin) but was inspired by her, focusing on how each musician transformed struggle into expertise.
The first step? Seek evidence you’re not alone.
Earth shattering is how I describe my first lesson with Denise. And when you’ve unintentionally built your world with fear, doubt, frustration, and disconnection, a wake-up call can be a good thing.
At 12:52 p.m., I made my way to the lesson with her, weary from a long battle with embouchure issues that arose after an untimely surgery. At 1:14 p.m., my earth was shattered. Fear and doubt and frustration and disconnection had all become visible for Denise to see. But in place of all these were validation, self-knowledge, hope, belief, and a horn sound I actually kind of liked! Not only did somebody see me and understand what I was going through, but she knew exactly the way forward—because she had been there, too.
It gets to be that easy.
Whether facing a technique overhaul, injury, heartbreak, or simply exhaustion, the presence of struggle isn't the issue. These often signal that you're undergoing change. The issue lies in our fear that our struggles mean we’re inadequate. We fear that these experiences might confirm our worst suspicions about ourselves. Out of fear, we withdraw into the practice room, hesitate to pursue new opportunities, or conceal our experiences to avoid judgment or rejection. The fear that we are inadequate leads us to a limited world, where the solutions to our struggle seem just as limited. However, struggle more often reveals our talent rather than our shortcomings. “What is talent?” Grigory Kalinovsky mused during a preliminary discussion. “It’s not just ability. If you have natural ability, great. But if you have ability and burning need? That is talent.”
Talented to say the least, each of our panelists shares a burning need and sense of integrity in their stories of struggle. Am I doing the music justice? Am I doing myself justice? When the answer was no, each faced the vulnerability, resistance, or discomfort of change. But instead of withdrawing in self-doubt, they stepped out towards self-knowledge. In doing so, they connected with somebody who sparked a pivotal shift in their perspectives.
When you find yourself entangled in a struggle, consider taking a little time to expand your world beyond the practice room. Whether through books, podcasts, lessons, Facebook groups, or a simple conversation, you’ll soon find that a shift in perspective shared by somebody who's been there before is exactly what you've been missing. Cheers to all solution-finders and puzzle-solvers, with special thanks to Denise for holding my missing piece!
The IU Jacobs School of Music Wellness Workshop mentioned above is in person only, but it is open to the public if you are in the area and interested in attending. For details and information, see https://events.iu.edu/musiciub/event/1382103-expert-roundtable-how-to-turn-setbacks-into-skills.
IHS 56—Horns on the Horizon
by John McGuire
Hello fellow hornists!
This month has seen a flurry of activities in preparation for our August IHS 56 Symposium. The team has spent several weeks crafting what we believe will be a very strong schedule for the week. We have many wonderful performances, presentations, masterclasses, and other exciting events, and I would encourage everyone to go through the schedule—which is now posted at www.hornsonthehorizon.com—and find all the sessions and concerts that interest you. I guarantee that there are many opportunities for everyone to learn and be inspired!
Of course, we are all excited about the Featured Artists’ performances and masterclasses—who wouldn’t be! But I would like to draw special attention to a few other exciting offerings. Notably, there will be a large number of outstanding Contributing Artists sharing their talents and new works for horn, and presenting research that pertains to all of us. I personally can’t wait to see and hear them all…or at least as many as I can physically attend!
Additionally, we will be hosting late-night sessions after the evening concerts. These sessions will be informal interviews with many of our Featured Artists. It will be a chance for all of us to sit down with these icons of the horn world and get to know them in a more comfortable, relaxed atmosphere. (If you have ever had the chance to see the American television program Inside the Actors’ Studio, that’s how I envision these gatherings.)
Last, please make plans to attend what will surely be a wonderful and emotional tribute concert to Hermann Baumann, who recently passed away. Undoubtedly one of the finest horn players in history, Hermann’s impact on players around the world cannot be overstated, and it’s difficult to imagine someone who has had a greater influence on so many. This concert will be the featured evening performance on Thursday, August 1st—which would have been Baumann’s 90th birthday. There will be many terrific individual performances and tributes, and I’m sure there won’t be a dry eye in the house.
Please register now for IHS 56, if you have not already done so. We look forward to seeing you in Colorado!


